Chapter 249 Developing Shanxi

War does not mean that the domestic economy will be shut down and economic construction will be slowed down. On the contrary, normal national construction expenditure should be maintained. At the same time, the scale of domestic investment of private capital, especially agricultural investment, should be mobilized through policies.

China currently has a population of 382 million, and 70% of them are still farmers and herdsmen. Only by increasing agricultural investment and increasing agricultural income can we truly solve the problem of consumption power and cultivate a larger market.

With a market, industry and commerce can develop better and the national economy become stronger.

This is a basic market economy logic.

The war was so fierce that money was needed everywhere, but Hu Chuyuan insisted on reducing the agricultural tax and increasing the planting area of the large agricultural economy on the bottom line of ensuring the average amount of arable land.

The large agricultural economy is a concept put forward by Hu Chuyuan in China, that is, to gradually increase the per capita arable land area by 7.5 mu. On this basis, through the joint cooperation between CITIC, other grain cooperatives and farmers, the chain value-added of cash crops from production to processing is realized.

A key idea is that growers have the right to participate in grain processing enterprises and realize the value-added income of the national agricultural population through farmers' self-investment in downstream industries.

The promotion of this model is the most common in Shandong. The total area of arable land in Shandong is 87.53 million mu, and the joint land area accounts for 93%. The main joint venture is CITIC, which collects funds to raise shares to establish oil extraction plants, rice noodle processing plants, cotton processing plants and textile factories.

At present, the largest Qingdao Guanghua Textile Factory in Shandong was founded by CITIC. In the process of operation, the factory purchased cotton according to the standards. The price and market are unified, and the quality requirements are also the same as the market.

CITIC is responsible for selecting and cultivating good seeds, using existing capital to increase other investments, and local branches are responsible for guiding joint farmers to grow cotton, raising funds to improve irrigation conditions, and purchasing machinery jointly.

The specific planting is operated by farmers themselves. You can plant as much land as you want. According to the guidance of local branches and the characteristics of the regional agricultural economy, farmers can choose to grow cotton, soybeans, peanuts, corn, tobacco and other crops.

Of course, there are also some cruel realities in this process, that is, the farmers in the joint venture system have a strong ability to annex external land and continue to swallow other non-joint land.

After the outbreak of the Yihe Boxing Movement, Hu Chuyuan once made a very detailed census statistics in Shandong, with 100 mu of land/household as the landlord standard. There are about 37,000 landlord families in Shandong, with 30 mu of land/household as the standard for rich farmers. There are about 1.27 million rich peasant families in Shandong. These people own Shandong. 59.3% of arable land.

Under the restrictions of agricultural tax provisions, agricultural tax has different taxation and reductions in 45 mu, 120 mu and 330 mu. More than 120 mu will no longer enjoy any reduction and preferential treatment, which makes the pure large landowner class shrinking, while the proportion of small landlords and rich farmers is increasing.

There is a problem here, that is, the development of industry, commerce and urban scale cannot keep up with the transfer of the remaining agricultural population, so many Shandong people continue to break through Kanto, or even North Korea.

In fact, the scale of Shandong's population transfer is very large. The current population living in the local area is less than 21 million, the industrial and commercial population accounts for about 37%, and rich peasants, middle peasants and poor peasants each account for 1/3 of the agricultural population.

In the next decade, about 7.2 million agricultural surplus people will be transferred to industry.

The employment of these people must be guaranteed, otherwise, the next Yihe boxing will come. The good news is that about 30% of these people belong to the new labor force just over the age of 16, and this generation has basically received basic education.

What Hu Chuyuan is currently promoting in China is the business model of Shandong's large-scale agriculture. In short, it is to increase the number of rich farmers. The policy should encourage the emergence of the rich peasant class, improve their social status and image, and regard it as the backbone of the country.

This policy is definitely the road that China must take, but its negative impact is what to do with a large number of surplus labor force?

At present, the answer is very simple. Increase the land cultivation area, improve the quality and conditions of agricultural land, increase mu yield, fully combine geographical characteristics to develop forestry and animal husbandry and large-scale breeding, especially the effective use of mountain fields to develop cash crops such as tea, hemp and fruit forests, in the rainy hilly areas of the south and east. Carry out the fruit forest and timber economy.

Hu Chuyuan didn't take it for granted. He was a businessman and talked about everything with data.

Within ten years, the urban population has increased to 150 million, reaching the standard of 40%, and the land cultivation area has increased to 1.83 billion mu (municipal mu system), increasing the reclamation efforts in Hainan, Taiwan and Northeast China, and further increasing the scale of mountain forestry in the southwest of Yunnan, Guangdong, Zhejiang and Fujian. Mongolia and Northwest China have deepened the reform of animal husbandry, increased investment in modern animal husbandry and industry, and developed marine fishing scale and deep processing industry in coastal areas.

Through such a series of economic policies, the goal of large agricultural economy can be achieved, and the rich peasant economy with higher requirements can also be achieved.

In addition, with the capture of the Far East as the first strategic goal, we will strive to obtain the temperate continental cultivation and animal husbandry land in Novosibirsk region from Russia, regionalize the northern Vietnam through the gradual immigration policy, and actually expand more available land through the effective management of the expanded land in the southwest. Immigrate to Southeast Asia and sparsely populated areas to further reduce the burden on the remaining population.

Finally, we must popularize the compulsory education system and lay a solid foundation for the long-term urbanization of the population.

Hu Chuyuan's current policy is rich peasant economicism. All the policies he is currently implementing are to achieve this policy and goal. He is determined to fight this battle with Russia, invest a lot of money in research and production of mechanized equipment, and try to win Novosibirsk, including Almaty and Bal. The Kashgar Lake area is for this goal.

Therefore, war must be fought, and investment and support for domestic agriculture must also be maintained, or even increased.

Since the second formation of the cabinet, Hu Chuyuan has established the National Economic Development Commission, referred to as the State Economic Commission. Qu Hongji, the internal minister, is the director. He is responsible for formulating long-term policies, and coordinating various cabinet departments and local government axes to ensure that the great agricultural economy can finally be realized.

In the past few days, Hu Chuyuan has been discussing the new agricultural investment plan with Prime Minister Qu Hongji, General President Tu Renshou of Daqing Bank, Minister of Agriculture Mei Ruding, and other major officials.

To some extent, Hu Chuyuan and Hitler are basically the same kind of people. They are both crazy ambitions. The more tense the situation is, the more determined he wants to realize his dream.

On this day, after the meeting on the planning of agricultural economic investment in the northwest and southwest, Hu Chuyuan left Qu Hongji, Tu Renshou and Mei Ruding.

After other officials left, Hu Chuyuan and Tu Renshou said, "The total military spending of 3 billion yuan was not enough, and it is expected to reach the scale of 4 billion yuan... I can tell you here that victory must belong to us, but even if we win, we may not be able to get from the Allies. How much compensation do you get, so... you have to be mentally prepared."

Tu Renshou nodded slightly and said, "I've been thinking about this problem!"

Hu Chuyuan is powerful, but his most powerful thing is not that he is rich or able to control the situation in China, but that he has trained a large number of politicians with modern governance and concepts for China in the traditional bureaucratic system in the past two decades.

These people are the so-called direct line of Hu Chuyuan.

Their common feature is that, like Hu Chuyuan, they take modern economics as the basic means of governing the country, and follow Hu Chuyuan to systematically study modern economics and political economy theory. Unlike the Lausanne School and Adam Smith Free Classical School in Europe, Hu Chuyuan and these direct officials more respect Hong. Looking at economics and national economicism, it emphasizes that the state plays the role of national economic planning and regulation, and the government should effectively regulate the national economy through industrial, fiscal and monetary policies.

To this end, Hu Chuyuan and Fisher, a mathematics and economics scholar at the School of Economics of the University of Auckland, as well as Tu Renshou and Niu Yugeng, have co-authored books such as Macroeconomics, National Economic Development and Regulation, Modern Economics, and Economics, and Economics Principles, Political Economy, etc. The academic works are compiled into the New Editorial of the Government of the Government as a compulsory subject for domestic administrative officials.

Now, the new edition of senior management includes a total of 97 books in various subjects, involving politics, economy, law, industry, agriculture, water conservancy, natural science, philosophy, mathematics, nationality, culture, military and other aspects.

Hu Chuyuan has a very clear principle for his direct officials... You must read these 97 books. I will use your specialty in which subject you have.

Looking back on Hu Chuyuan's career in the past 20 years in 1901, he basically did two things, the first is to make money, the second is to cultivate talents, and he has achieved a very high level in both aspects.

Among these talents, Qu Hongji and Tu Renshou are just the best, and they are also the oldest officials of the Hu Party.

When it comes to the issue of military spending, Tu Renshou is very clear in his heart, so he took out another report to Hu Chuyuan to have a look.

After Hu Chuyuan roughly finished reading it, he said, "This is the latest statistics of the National Assets Committee. According to this, the highest total military cost of war that the Prime Minister's Office can afford should be about 5 billion yuan. Last year, our annual fiscal revenue was 1.07 billion yuan, and the total national assets increased from 4.42 billion yuan to 4.73 billion yuan. If we try our best to control the military expenses to the scale of 3 billion yuan, the Prime Minister's Office can empty and repay the war treasury bonds in about five years. With more than 3 billion, we must sell state-owned assets to the market. According to the original plan, the inflation rate is stable below 3%, and we still have a certain amount of money margin, plus the adjustment of political axe fiscal revenue and the partial resale of state-owned assets. 5 billion yuan is our limit.

Listening to his words, Hu Chuyuan nodded slightly and continued to look at the latest data report submitted by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission.

In general, the Qing Empire is still very rich. The shares held by Jiangnan Commercial Bank, Beiyang Commercial Bank, Nanyang Commercial Bank... and other official stock private companies, mining companies, and heavy industry enterprises can basically cash out 4 billion yuan.

In addition, when building cities in coastal industrial zones the year before last, Hu Chuyuan also paid attention to the purchase of a large amount of land in the name of political axe and rented it to factories free of charge.

The total size of this batch of land is about more than 4 million mu. Basically, by 1908, the free lease period of this batch of land will expire.

This matter is also mentioned in the report, but the specific price is not calculated.

Hu Chuyuan spread out this page for Tu Renshou and Qu Hongji to take a closer look and said, "If we win this battle, China's economy, especially the coastal industrial economy, will continue to develop, and the total market value of our land should not be less than 5 billion yuan. Of course, we have had a general plan for this money before, and we will basically continue to use it for the operation of state-owned assets, especially the national construction of railways, postal services, water conservancy and roads...!"

As for the words, he didn't finish.

Tu Renshou said, "Your Excellency, do you mean... if it really doesn't work, shall we use this money?"

Hu Chuyuan was not in a hurry to answer and asked Mei Ruding to make a pot of tea for himself. He thought about it again.

Now is a new era. He doesn't dare to say that "China is not short of money".

Drinking the hot Qimen black tea, Hu Chuyuan thought carefully in his heart. After a while, he said to Tu Renshou and Qu Hongji, "Although the political axe should not compete with the people for profit, now it is a very stage, and we can actually make some state investment. The key problem lies in our investment direction... When we talked about this country's macroeconomicism before, I especially said that national macroeconomicism is definitely not national monopoly economicism. Businessmen can monopolize a certain industrial field, because the political axe can at least bear the responsibility of the monitor. The political axe can't, if the political The axe is directly involved in the composition of the monopoly economy, so who else can monitor the whole industry?

He said this to everyone's heart.

Once the country makes large-scale investment, it is easy to have state monopoly economicism. For example, in the early years, Jiangnan Commercial Bank, which was a complete monopoly economy.

At present, these people, including Hu Chuyuan, have a basic consideration, that is, in the long run, the central government axe will definitely withdraw capital and cash out, and the local government axe can hold shares on a small scale for a long time.

Qu Hongji thought for a moment and said to Hu Chuyuan, "I think we can do something about land expropriation and transfer, with the political axe as the only land expropriation party...!"

Hu Chuyuan immediately waved his hand and said, "This is absolutely impossible. We now strongly call on businessmen to follow the national policy to invest, call on them to buy and sell treasury bonds, call on them to support the national war, and turn to block their way to make money... If we do so, we can really plan in the short term. Take huge profits, in the long run, which will gradually lose the hearts of the people while making huge profits.

At this time, Mei Ruding, who had been thinking silently, suddenly said, "In the process of converting agricultural land to industrial and commercial land, the political axe bears the first responsibility, that is, the political axe is responsible for the requisition, and rents it to merchants cheaply for ten to twenty years. After the end of the preferential period, the land will be sold publicly. In this way, in the process of urbanization expansion, we can also control the cultivated area of agricultural land across the country from the perspective of macro-control. In addition, SASAC can set up an agricultural cooperative to carry out joint venture construction in areas with relatively difficult conditions and low return on investment. After the end of the construction period, the government axe capital will withdraw capital.

Qu Hongji immediately agreed: "This method is good... However, the former can make money. The problem is that the recovery period of capital is too long, and it can't decompress the near fire. The second way? To be honest, the places that private cooperatives don't want to go are basically calculated. It's good not to lose money.

Hu Chuyuan said, "The second problem is that we also have to make a loss. If we want to make a big agricultural economy, we must do this thing. Combining the two methods, we use the money we earn in the front to fill the back. In addition, I think that the state capital can flow out. The state capital can obtain the right to invest in minerals abroad through some aid projects, help some more friendly or important countries to establish a basic industrial system, and then cash out. Or the state cooperates with businessmen. For businessmen, they can't ask for it. If something really goes wrong, we will definitely send troops to protect the national interests.

When he said so, everyone thought it was the best choice.

Although the current military expenditure is very large, as long as the domestic financing capacity can be reasonably utilized, SASAC can still withdraw a sum of money for these operations.

Yuanshui can't solve the near fire, but with these long-term income projects, SASAC can carry out some financing and use the market economy to solve the problem of treasury bonds.

Taking advantage of this time, Hu Chuyuan discussed it carefully with them.

But when they discussed it carefully, they finally found that the matter proposed by Mei Ruding could not be done. The key is... No matter how the central government axe stipulates, the local implementation will change. The reason is very simple - the profit involved is too large.

Money!!!

When rights can easily become a large amount of money, corruption cannot be stopped.

Whether to want a political axe with money, but a lot of corruption, or a political axe that has no money, but can still be effectively controlled by corruption, this is not a difficult choice.

Finally, Qu Hongji put forward another plan, that is, to set up a new "Land Expropriation Management Law" to control the amount of agricultural land to industrial, commercial and urban land by the State Economic Commission, and issue a new indicator every year according to the economic development of each province.

When agricultural land is converted into industrial and commercial land, an additional higher tax must be collected by public auction. The political axe can also expropriate land by itself for education, urban basic livelihood facilities, roads, parks, cultural institutions, etc. When these lands are converted into privately held industrial and commercial land, the corresponding taxes will still be levied.

In this way, war funds and large-scale national industrial and agricultural construction funds cannot be effectively solved.

On the basis of land transfer tax and land expropriation tax, Hu Chuyuan maintained another opinion that SASAC should set up four new financial institutions, China Trust and Financing Company, Bank of China, China International Investment Bank Company and United Bank of Asia. The first two are mainly domestic and participate in the risk investment of state-supported industries. Capital and financing services, the latter two are mainly foreign markets.

After the second cabinet formation in 1900, Hu Chuyuan proposed a new ten-year plan, including electrical systems and motors, shipbuilding systems and shipbuilding power, automobile and agricultural machinery and internal combustion engine systems, steel and aluminum metallurgy and non-ferrous metal processing, industrial machinery lathes and mold systems, energy mining and basic chemical systems. , electronic telecommunications and radio communication systems, daily washing, daily use and high-end precision porcelain, chemical dyes and textiles, crop production and deep processing, 11 major system industries are the most important pillar industries in China.

For the current Chinese business class, they may have money, but they can't enter these industries. If they want to encourage new capital to enter, the state must provide technical assistance to guide the development of enterprises.

Some scientists and engineers come back from abroad. He wants to start a business, but without funds, the state has to provide financing services.

Through early support for the national finance and technology of emerging industries, after reaching a certain level, the state trust capital can withdraw cash out and draw funds to support more emerging industries.

Investing abroad is simpler. Now, you can make a lot of money by building a match factory in North Korea.

China's state capital takes the lead in leading domestic businessmen, especially small and medium-sized businessmen, to invest in basic industries in major colonial countries, invest in agricultural economies, and accelerate the development of colonial economies, that is, to increase the market space of domestic heavy industry and science and technology industries.

This is killing many birds with one stone.

Everyone agrees with this series of ideas put forward by Hu Chuyuan.

In addition, Hu Chuyuan also talked to them about other issues... In the past few years, he intends to shift the focus of national investment and support to Shanxi and Sichuan. His personal investment focus is also on these two regions, but an additional Xinjiang province has been added.

The investment scale in Xinjiang Province is too large and the foundation is too poor. Within five years, the political axe does not have this ability to operate. It only depends on his own strength. The political axe can give a basic support policy.

Even if the foundation of Shanxi and Sichuan is very good, take Shanxi as an example. If Shanxi really wants to develop, it may be much more fierce than Hebei.

In addition to other data, according to the geological exploration results of Asian rich countries and political axes in recent years, the total bauxite reserves in Shanxi are at least 100 million tons, or even quad million tons, not to mention Shanxi's coal and iron, much more than Shandong.

Asia's rich countries now have a big plan to re-establish a new heavy industry group in Shanxi that can compete with the four major groups.

Hu Chuyuan's basic view is like this. If you have to build Yanjing into a world-class industrial metropolis and make Shanxi a large resource supply province... That's really not worth the loss.

He doesn't intend to do this at all.

Yanjing is Yanjing, a cultural, political and educational center. It doesn't have to be a world-class metropolis.

A big plan he is brewing now is to change Dai County in the northwest of Shanxi back to Yanmen Prefecture, develop here and Taiyuan, Jinyang and Jincheng in Shanxi as the four major industrial centers in Shanxi, and build a real industrial Shanxi around Taiyuan.

Although China is currently in chaos in the northeast and northwest, Hu Chuyuan has not disrupted his plan to strengthen the country. Within three years, he will re-establish a new province of heavy industry in Shanxi.

Within ten years, he wants to make Shanxi Province the new Shandong Province, even more than that.

I dare not say that his investment, the investment of the country, the investment of Shanxi merchants, the investment of merchants from other places... The capital absorbed by the stock market, the total amount of zero, he promised to throw 3 billion yuan into Shanxi within ten years.

It is equivalent to 30% of China's annual fiscal revenue into Shanxi for a period of ten years.

He began to cash out 15 to 20 years later and use Shanxi's capital to invest in the northwest and Mongolia, which is his plan.

The whole game of chess he played also applies to the northwest, first investing in Sichuan, and then spreading to the whole southwest.

(to be continued)