Chapter 191 Linux

The CQCQ software version recompiled by Lin Hong on the MINIX platform does not have a graphical interface, which is equivalent to a special preparation for users with a certain technical foundation. If you want to query some information, you must use commands to query.

He checked the online list with the command and found that there were three people online at this moment, one was himself, the other was Felix, and there was a user with CQ number 10002, nicknamed Lucy.

It seems that this Lucy should be Phylized's sister.

[Felice, how do you feel about the improved version?]

chose to talk to Phylized and sent her a message.

[Uncle Stone, are you online? The new version is much better than the previous one. It's so convenient! My good sister Lucy is also using it, and I didn't teach her much, so I got started soon.]

[Real? That's great. In addition, I have added the file sharing function to it. You can try it.]

[I saw it. I just sent a file to Lucy! I have been using this software for so long. If there is any change, I will know immediately. There is also a chat room function, right? Why don't I open a room and the three of us can chat together?

[I have something to do now, next time. You can find more friends to use. If they have any suggestions, you can help me collect them. Whether it's good or bad, you can send it to me later.]

[This is no problem at all. The current version is easy to use. I believe they will be willing to join!]

[Then I'll get off first. I have something else to do.]

[Hmm! I'll send someone to pick you up tomorrow. Don't forget this!]

Seeing Phylized's feedback, Lin Hong was also very happy.

It feels really good that what you do can be recognized by others. Hackers constantly explore the unknown world, and then publish their achievements for free. In addition to the internal motivation of their own interests, there is a big factor in the want to be recognized by others.

From a certain point of view, this is also a kind of vanity. It's just that the technical otaku are more reserved. They satisfy their inner vanity in this unique way. Maybe even they themselves don't realize this.

Because MINIX still doesn't have its own mail client. Lin Hong could not contact LINU directly, so he had to package the written source code with the program. Copy it to the floppy disk. Then switch to the MS-DOS system. USE EMAIL TO SEND THE CQCQ PACKAGE TO LINU.

In this way, it will be more convenient for them to connect.

Then, Lin Hong logged in to CQCQ again, studying the source code of MINIX, and refreshing the online list from time to time.

Phylgaris sent a message to ask why she got on again and invited him to join the chat. Lin Hong had to enter the chat room created by Phylized for a while.

It can be seen that Lucy's personality is more lively than that of Phylise, and she has been asking Lin Hong for some information. The question seemed very explicit. The other party completely regarded Lin Hong as Felix's boyfriend, which made Lin Hong difficult to deal with, and he could only say some ambiguous words perfunctorily.

After looking at the number of people online again, his eyes couldn't help but light up, because he saw that a fourth online member, named LINU, suddenly appeared online.

Finally!

Lin Hong quickly talked to the other two girls, withdrew from the chat room, and then took the initiative to say hello to LUC.

[STONE: Hello, LINUS, this is STONE.]

[LINUS: Hello, hehe! You really gave me a surprise. I didn't expect that I just sent you GCC, and you turned around and developed an instant messaging program in it!

[STONE: The code is ready-made, you know, it's not difficult.]

[LINUS: It feels good to talk to you directly under MINIX! STONE, THIS IS NOT THE SURPRISE YOU GAVE ME.]

[LINUS: I still remember that not long ago, you were a ham with no concept of computers at all, and now, the technology and knowledge you have mastered are almost the same as mine.]

[STONE: I still have a lot to learn.]

[LINUS: You are still so modest! STONE, this CQCQ software, have you announced that you are willing to officially join this operating system project?]

[STONE: Of course! I have completely fallen in love with this system, and I like the feeling of knowing everything! I decided to read all the source code you sent carefully in the next period of time.]

[LINUS: What a good note! Dude, I have a new plan now. You know, the MINIX copyright itself is not completely open source, and the author still reserves it, so I want to refactor the kernel of this operating system.]

[LINUS: Have you heard of the GNU project?]

[STONE:GNU? Is it the operating environment of GCC? I have only seen it in books. It seems to be a free software project, but I don't know much about the specific situation.]

[LINUS:GNU is a UNIX-like operating system, driven by the GNU Project. The goal is to establish a free software environment that is fully compatible with UNIX, that is, a completely free operating system. This project, first launched by Richard Stallman in 1983, is the earliest goal of the Free Software Foundation.

[LINUS: Although GNU has developed well over the years and a lot of excellent software has appeared on it, its important components, that is, the kernel HURD of the operating system, have been nervous and slow because it is too complex.]

[LINUS: I went to a speech by a free software advocate last week and found the GPL agreement they advocated very interesting. A friend of mine also strongly recommended that I join the GNU free software camp...]

Next, LINUS explained the details of the open source protocol GPL (GNU General Public License) to Lin Hong in detail, and consulted Lin Hong.

[STONE: Do you mean to want to make an operating system that anyone can download and install for free?]

[LINUS: Yes. Although MINIX is also very good, it can only be used in the field of education for free. You know, I spent a lot of money and time to buy this system at the beginning.]

LINUS is still dissatisfied with that experience. He waited for at least a month and spent more than 100 dollars to finally install MINIX on his computer.

and other systems on the market. They are all commercial systems that you want to use. You have to pay a lot of money to buy it.

Write one for all technology enthusiasts around the world and it is completely free to use. But it is a very powerful operating system, which is really an ambitious idea. But this is very cool. Isn't it?

Lin Hong can naturally express his strong support for this.

So, he and LINU discussed some details of redesigning the new operating system on the CQCQ software.

In this regard, LINUS is more experienced than Lin Hong, because he has been studying this area for a long time, coupled with the reference experience of MINIX, so he is basically telling Lin Hong about the basic concepts.

MINIX's kernel is designed with a microkernel structure.

The microkernel structure consists of a very simple layer of hardware abstraction and a set of critical instructions or system calls. These instructions only include a few parts necessary to create a system, such as thread management, address space and inter-process communication.

Simply put. The kernel is very small. The purpose of this design idea is to completely separate the basic operation of the system service and the system, and to minimize the relationship between them.

For example, the file system is also a process in the microkernel. It doesn't matter if it crashes. Just restart it like other software.

Tannengbaum, the author of MINIX, is himself a professor of operating system design. When designing this system, he absorbed the most advanced design ideas at that time. The microkernel is a relatively advanced kernel structure.

But LINUS doesn't seem to like this design. He believes that putting many system structures and operations exist outside the kernel, which will lead to security vulnerabilities and be vulnerable to attacks. In addition, the interior of the microkernel is too simple, and its ability of process management and interrupt management is also very limited. Compared with a simple toy like MINIX, it can indeed meet the requirements, but if you want to achieve more complex system functions, you will feel a little powerless.

The microkernel structure is more suitable for single-chip microcomputer systems. Such systems do not even require a file management system, and the configuration is relatively low. Naturally, the smaller the kernel, the better.

The structure corresponding to

the microkernel is the macro kernel.

MS-DOS uses a macro kernel architecture, which is divided into kernel space and user space.

The kernel encapsulates the hardware structure to form a relatively advanced virtual interface for programs in user space to call.

[LINUS: I prefer to use the macro kernel architecture, so that the program code in the operating system is highly closely integrated. Although there may be a bug in a module that causes the whole system to crash, if it is carefully designed and improved, such a problem can be completely avoided. Yes.]

[LINUS: More importantly, such a kernel will make the operating system's code run more efficiently and more secure in hardware.]

When Lin Hong heard what he said, he also felt that there was some reason.

In fact, in his opinion, since there have been cases that prove that both architectures are feasible, it doesn't matter which kernel to use. The key is how to implement it.

Because at the beginning, this project started from MINIX, maybe LINUS wants to completely rely on the shadows over MINIX and distinguish the redesigned system from MINIX from the fundamental architecture.

[STONE: Then, give this system a name.]

[LINUS: I've thought about it for a long time, FREAX, from the English word FREAK, which means "wondest". What do you think?]

[STONE: Sounds good. Is changing to X at the end following the habit of UNIX like MINIX?]

[LINUS: Yes, the pronunciation of X sounds cooler, doesn't it?]

[STONE: Why don't you just call it LINUX, that is, the last letter of your name is changed to X. I think this name is a little better than FREAX.

[LINUS: This is not good. It's too personal-centered.]

[STONE: I think it's good. It's just a code name. Besides, you originally initiated this project. Let's use this, "Linax", which is quite easy to read.]

[LINUS: OK, listen to you, it's called LINUX!] ( To be continued)