112 wait and see

The spring rain is like silk, and Li wants to walk down the deck with an oil-paper umbrella.

The Xiaguan wharf in Nanjing was deserted, and Song Jiaoren stood next to a carriage with a smile on his face.

After greeting, he got into the carriage and went straight to the presidential palace.

In the car, Li Xiang smiled and said, "The cabinet system is finally written into the contract law, and the ideal of the second brother has taken a step forward."

The previous amendment to the responsible cabinet system proposed by Song Jiaoren was rejected by the acting Senate. Originally, the draft of the Provisional Treaty was formulated using the presidential system, but when the Senate began to consider the draft of the Provisional Treaty, it was the North-South Conference and Success. Yuan Shikai was about to succeed Sun Yat-sen as the interim president. Therefore, he changed to the so-called responsible cabinet system, which was almost won by the acting Senate owner. Agree.

Song Jiaoren pondered for a long time before saying, "The beginning of the union of provinces is really similar to the union of the thirteen states of the United States. Because of its natural situation, it is appropriate to build a federal state, so it adopts the presidential system of the United States. Since the establishment of the provisional government, I feel the need for the unification of the north and the south. It is appropriate to build a single country, such as the centralized government of France, so it adopts the cabinet system of law.

In fact, Song Jiaoren's statement does not hide the real motivation for hasty change of the political system. There is no doubt that it is inevitable to see that Sun Yat-sen has given way to Yuan Shikai. In order to restrict Yuan Shikai, the talents of the Revolutionary Party tend to change the presidential system to the responsible cabinet system. The temporary treaty is still under discussion at this time. In order to prevent the president's dictatorship, the revolutionaries must complete the treaty as soon as possible. In this way, according to the French Charter, it stipulates the responsible cabinet system. When he takes office, he vows to abide by the treaty.

It is precisely because of the change in the presidential candidate that the Senate suddenly decided to add the post of Prime Minister in the contract law. It is hoped that through this change, the so-called responsible cabinet system will be established, and Yuan Shikai, who succeeded as the interim president, will be placed in a nominal position, so as to achieve the purpose of decentralizing, weakening and empty Yuan Shikai's power. Safeguard the vested interests of the revolutionaries. After a three-reading procedure, the draft provisional contract was finally passed by a standing vote without any dispute. The whole constitutional process is neither swift nor hasty.

Sun Yat-sen solemnly declared that before the promulgation of the formal constitution, the Provisional Treaty Law had the same effect as the Constitution. The Provisional Treaty stipulates that the sovereignty of the Republic of China belongs to all citizens; all citizens are equal; there is no race, class or religion difference; citizens enjoy the freedom of person, residence, property, business, publication, assembly, association, belief and migration; they have the right to petition, appeal, litigation, examination, election and be elected. ; have the obligation to pay taxes and perform military service in accordance with the law. The organizational form of the government of the Republic of China is to exercise its ruling power by the Senate, the interim president, state officials and courts. The Senate has the power of legislation, questioning, reconsideration, impeachment, etc. The interim president is elected by the Senate - many provisions in the Provisional Treaty Act are for one purpose: to prevent Yuan Shikai's dictatorship with a responsible cabinet system.

The biggest feature of the Provisional Treaty Law is actually "people-sensitive legislation", which reflects the revolutionary people's distrust, prevention and restriction of Yuan Shikai everywhere.

The distrust of Yuan Shikai has almost become the general consensus of the legislators of the Provisional Senate, and this attitude must be reflected in the legislative process.

"I really can't hide anything from your fiery eyes." Song Jiaoren knew everything about this guy when he saw Li Xiang's expression. He sighed, "At the beginning, before the establishment of the Nanjing Provisional Government, I insisted on the cabinet system, and Mr. Zhongshan insisted on the presidential system. His reason was that in order to consolidate the new regime, he must give the president greater real power. Now, Yuan Shikai was sworn in in Beijing, and the situation has evolved to this. Nanjing has transferred the tiger away from the mountain. The plan to lure Yuan Shikai to Nanjing is completely in no use. Because he is worried that Yuan Shikai is too powerful or abusing power, he has to retreat and seek second. Sun Yat-sen hurriedly presided over the cabinet system into the Provisional Treaty Law. He Only the last way to use the cabinet system is to limit Yuan Shikai.

"Can a note bind him?"

"Why not!" There was a trace of uneasiness on Song Jiaoren's face.

"You will understand later." A trace of pity flashed on Lixiang's face, and he paused and said, "What regulations does Mr. Zhongshan have for the Surat incident?"

"The Nanjing Provisional Government has not been recognized by the great powers and is not even qualified to negotiate. What else can it do?" Song Jiaoren said, "We can only urge Yuan Shikai to negotiate in Beijing. According to what Yuan Shikai did in North Korea, he was also a tough master.

"I hope so..." Li wanted to nod, shook his head and sighed, "Dunchu, you don't understand human nature. Yuan Shikai was in North Korea. At that time, he was full of blood and wanted to make contributions. What about now? Yuan Shikai has long lost his courage. At this juncture, Yuan Shikai is also in need of the support of the great powers. What can he negotiate and what will happen? It's lucky to be able to preserve the national body at most..."

Song Jiaoren opened his eyes wide: "Isn't it enough to preserve the national body? What else do you want to do?"

"Of course it's not enough!" Lixiang is not talking to Song Jiaoren, but talking to himself, "We don't dare to be righteous to a small country in the Netherlands!" This incident is the first negotiation, at least for the Chinese people to enjoy all the most-favoured-nation treatment in Nanyang.

"Enjoy all the most-favoured-nation treatment?" When Song Jiaoren heard that Li Xiang was so ambitious, he couldn't help but be scondened, but his face was not moved at all. It seems that he intervened in the Suramid negotiations, but he didn't know how he would get the right to negotiate? Song Jiaoren's eyes were like lightning. He flashed Li Xiang and said loudly, "It's worthy of being Marshal Li. Such a request is agreed by the Netherlands. Can the great powers agree?"

"Just wait and see." Li wanted to put down his heroic words first: "Take the opportunity of this Surat water case to negotiate, it is my minimum goal for the Chinese people to enjoy all the most-favoured-nation treatment in Nanyang, and it is my ultimate goal to reform the unequal treaties imposed on us by the great powers."

Song Jiaoren looked at Li Xiang and said more than ten thousand words at a glance.

He bowed, handed over an invitation letter with both hands, and whispered, "Li Shuai, tomorrow's Alliance will hold a general meeting of the headquarters on the first stage of Nanjing Sanpai Building. The presidents, deputy ministers and important people of the provisional government will attend the conference. Mr. Zhongshan and Keqiang heard that Li Shuai was coming to Nanjing, so they prepared this invitation early. Please enjoy it.

"How can I miss such a grand occasion when the alliance will gather in Jinling?" Li Xiang opened the invitation letter with a smile, and there was a ticket for the alliance. The "party member certificate" of the alliance said Li Xiang's name, and the introducer was Sun Yat-sen. Li was stunned to see this first.

Song Jiaoren doesn't know whether he can attract Li Xiang's strength to join the League. After all, he has rejected him before.

When Song Jiaoren was uneasy, Li Xiang suddenly laughed, "Finally joined the Party!" With that, he punched him on the knee and handed the ticket to the housekeeper who had been silent beside him with the invitation.

Beijing. Yuan Shikai's private residence.

Yuan Shikai pointed to the telegram he had just received and asked, "Look, what is the purpose of Sun Wen and others coming here?"

Tang Shaoyi and Yang Du read the telegram and couldn't make a sound for a moment.

"If Sun Wen is the president, he doesn't want the prime minister. If Yuan is the president, I will have a prime minister to restrain me. Is it right?"

The responsible cabinet system was actively advocated by Song Jiaoren, but during the Nanjing Provisional Government, other major revolutionary cadres did not agree. When Yuan Shikai became the president, he was afraid that the president's power was too great, so he hurriedly formulated the Provisional Contract Law and wanted to use this Contract Law to limit Yuan's ambition. Yuan Shikai did not think that a note could restrain him. In the eyes of Yuan Shikai, who advocates strength, the "Temporary Covenant" is like a pile of waste paper. He is angry with the left wing of Nanjing's human-in-people legislation, and obviously he doesn't believe him.

Of course, Tang Shaoyi can understand the mood of her old boss, but she is quite excited to see the Prime Minister in the telegram, because as long as he has the position of Prime Minister, he is not the original member of this position. He wants to promote the implementation of the prime minister system.

"Brother comfort, about the Prime Minister's cabinet system, you might as well accept it, just add one: you can't administer the party's cabinet system. Because if there is an executive party cabinet system, the cabinet prime minister is elected by the ruling party, and obviously the prime minister falls to the south. If it doesn't work for the party cabinet, the general reason is the president's nomination, so it will be much easier.

Yang Du was the first to propose a political party cabinet system, but now it is obvious that he can't mention this anymore. Besides, he also has a hint of the idea of being prime minister. He knew that Yuan Shikai likes to be arbitrary and what Yuan Shikai was angry about, so he said it gently: "In fact, the current situation in China is most suitable for the American-style presidential system, not the French cabinet system. However, the South insists on changing the cabinet system, and it does not have to affect the overall situation. As Shaochuan just said, as long as you insist on the general reason for presidential nomination, the presidential system and the prime minister system are actually the same thing.

"Oh, I see." After the guidance of Tang and Yang, Yuan Shikai's anger was completely extinguished. He didn't expect that the two guys could still do their homework on this level. Without his roughness, it would be more perfect to achieve the face of Nanjing. He couldn't help shouting, "Okay, this acceptance, with a condition attached. The cabinet is supra-partisan, and it can't administer the party cabinet."

Yuan Shikai picked up the telegram and looked at it again. He frowned and said, "Wang Chonghui, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Provisional Government, called to talk about the violence of the Dutch military and police. He was sad about the diplomatic affairs of the country and people's affairs in Surabaya, and asked 'warships to protect overseas Chinese'. At the same time, Liu Jingren, the minister stationed in the Netherlands, had a head-on relationship with the Dutch government. Involved, 'to preserve the national body and comfort the expectations of overseas Chinese'. The Republic of China has not been recognized by the great powers. This warship will never go to Nanyang. Do you think there are any good ideas to deal with?

According to international practice, the new government is in fact established, and the countries concerned have the obligation to recognize it. However, at that time, countries recognized China, such as Russia, Britain and Japan, one side attached major requirements, and one side advocated that it would be recognized by the camera after the formal presidential election. Only the U.S. government did not agree. On the date of the establishment of the National Assembly of the Republic of China, it first unconditionally recognized the government of the Republic of China. Brazil and Peru also recognized it day by day. Other countries are looking at the three countries of Britain, Japan and Russia, while the three powers of Russia, Britain and Japan are accompanied by important threats as conditions. When Russia, Britain and Japan recognized the government of the Republic of China, it was the day of a major shaking in the three major regions of Manchuria, Mongolia and Tibet.

"Look at the wind direction first." Yang Du suggested.

Yuan Shikai nodded.