Chapter 232 Where the target is

"At the beginning of the matter, to suppress and protect freedom, it is the starting point of our country's civilization. ... With this move, we can look at the progress of the people; with this move, we can prevent outsiders from looking down on it. ... On the surface, it is a dispute between commerce and industry; and in terms of its content, it is about the sovereignty of the state. If it succeeds, the Chinese nation will be a valuable nation in the world; if it fails, the Chinese nation will be more like a slave, cattle and horses, and listen to the slaughter of others. ... The key to the life and death of our citizens is to resist the return of the right to the country. For the sake of China of the Chinese people, the Chinese people should use the purchasing power as a weapon and refuse to buy foreign goods. The owner of this account is also a member of the nationals. He should do his duty to delete all foreign goods.

Yanhuang's 4601 "People's Daily" on July 29 of the Western calendar. With a small roar, a large number of foreign goods from British, French, Italian, German and other countries on the street were burned, and the onlookers cheered. A pile of foreign goods accumulated by inferior merchants were persuaded to the meeting people and excited students to ignite in the center of the street. This scene is no longer surprising.

In the past week, the boycott of foreign goods and the refusal to unload foreign goods across the country has been more and more than one day. Unlike the so-called merchants in various countries, when the boycott of foreign goods started, they thought that this kind of private commercial boycott would not last long.

"Chinese people can't live without foreign goods!"

Foreign businessmen say so. In half a year, China imported up to 200 million customs goods from Europe and the United States, most of which were consumer goods. Cotton, cotton yarn, wheat, foreign oil and other consumer goods imported more than 120 million customs goods in half a year. The life of Chinese people is not foreign goods, no They don't have enough cloth to make clothes, and they don't have enough wheat, but the fact has made them fall through their eyes. The boycott of foreign goods is not only not just a cut in the scene as they thought, but also has a growing trend. From the beginning, the academic community promoted the business community, and then the Chamber of Commerce also advocated that the people rise up and destroy the Japanese goods, and made a decision to ask the commercial banks to "destroy all the foreign goods within 3 days". Local chambers of commerce have successively disclosed to major newspapers across the country.

"The local exclusion of foreign goods and foreign ships is very active. Leaflets are distributed everywhere to persuade the people to resist and persevere to the end."

The increasing resistance to foreign goods has made the trade of cotton and cotton yarn in the market seem to be mostly seized by domestic soil cloth or mechanism soil yarn. At the same time, in the face of the vacancy in the market, some people want to invest in industry, and the ruling axe has introduced relevant incentives such as three years of tax exemption for the establishment of the industry, which is boycotting foreign countries. At the same time, the establishment of industrial investment to replace foreign goods is also a hot discussion among the public.

At the same time, Shanghai's industrial machinery company quickly launched spinning machines, looms, flour machines and other simple machines. Ma'anshan Yangzijiang Machine Tool Company and Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau have successively launched various easy-to-make large and small machine tools. Industrial banks, as well as many Chinese-funded banks and banks have successively promised to provide low-interest loans to the industrial industry, and the act of providing guarantees for reputable enterprises has further stimulated the emerging industrial investment boom.

With the further development of the boycott of foreign goods caused by the right of way due to the war, it seems that the spring of Chinese industry has arrived, and the spring breeze that blows away the chill is slowly blowing on this land.

"This boycott of foreign affairs is the first starting point for my 400 trillion compatriots to intervene in diplomacy." The newspaper also believes that the boycott of foreign goods is the starting point of "people's use for foreign competition", and national diplomacy also allows countries to see the sincere patriotism of the Chinese people and the strong power they have shown.

In the face of pressure from various countries, the ruling axe said that "what the business people do, not the political axe does, and the political axe is inconvenient to interfere". While expressing this attitude, the ruling axe also issued a "national goods" standard, which is divided into complex seven levels, "Chinese capital, Chinese people's management, completely Domestic raw materials and Chinese people's work are the first-class and the purest domestic product. In turn, to "Chinese capital, Chinese management, completely foreign raw materials, Chinese people work; or Chinese capital, Chinese management, completely foreign raw materials, foreign technicians" is the seventh grade, which is the lowest grade of domestic goods, and outside the seventh grade, it is foreign goods.

And when the ruling government even received representatives of the Chamber of Commerce, he declared that "the boycott of foreign goods, although it originated from the railway and originated from the patriotism of the people, it will certainly be of great help to the development of domestic goods industry". The successive affirmation of the ruling axe, which undoubtedly contributed to the "flame" of the people's boycott of foreign goods.

At the same time, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs played a very important role in the ensuing negotiations. On the one hand, in the process of taking advantage of the business people's boycott of foreign goods and negotiating with diplomatic personnel of various countries such as the minister in China, consul general and consuls in Shanghai, on the other hand, we adhere to a tough stance and try to force countries to recognize the railway system as a means of boycott of foreign goods. It is inconvenient for countries to negotiate. On the other hand, we take advantage of all opportunities to deal with all parties. It is reasonable to strive to achieve a satisfactory diplomatic result.

"With the awakening and growth of the Chinese people, their role and influence in diplomatic activities have increased. When formulating and implementing foreign policy towards China, the political axes of various countries can no longer only consider the attitude of the political axe, but have to consider the reaction of the Chinese people. They have become an important factor for China to preserve its territory and sovereignty, and force the powers to give up direct control or military occupation of China and explore new policies towards China.

Put down the newspaper in his hand, and Chen Moran, who was dressed in coarse cloth, had some pride on his face. In the past week, he had changed into a coarse cloth dress made in Shandong, which was the best support for resisting foreign goods.

Even the military uniform of Lianguangfu Army was changed from oblique striped cloth to coarse cloth. Although the cloth used for military uniforms of the Guangfu Army were produced by the Sun family in Shanghai and Nantong Dasheng, it was changed to coarse cloth in order not to compete with the people for the source of cloth.

"In power, all countries hope that we can abide by the negotiation contract in road construction and borrowing. To a certain extent, they have agreed that this is a negotiation contract. In addition, they hope that if we want to recover the right of way, we can negotiate with companies to redeem it!"

When Liang Dunyan reported, his eyes seemed to have changed when he looked at the ruling government. Under the background of the political axe, the full boycott of foreign goods was only carried out for eight days. The magistries, consuls and commercial banks of Europe and the United States were first from indifferent to the current tension. He is clear about the changes between them. Pass.

Eight days ago, foreign goods were sold as much as one million taels in China, but from the third day, the national sales were less than ten thousand taels. He even told Germany, the United States and the United Kingdom that the ruling axe may re-sign machine orders of up to 16 million pounds with various countries due to public opinion, and industrial companies have suspended orders with Germany, the United States, Machine orders with a total amount of 10 million pounds signed by the British and French countries.

The dock workers went on strike and refused to move foreign goods, and the ruling axe behind the scenes was funded by the Chamber of Commerce to set up a porridge shed to help the strike workers. In the face of unprecedented resistance, countries had to seriously consider China's voice, "Weak countries treat strong countries, not to be able to buy joy with obedience, and sometimes they can also stand up with strength.", just as the ruling said. Well, it should be hard when it should be hard. Of course, it should also be soft when it should be soft. In his opinion, the time seems to be ripe now.

"Redeem?"

Chen Moran shook his head. This is not what he needs.

"Even if the railway is redeemed, what money should we take to repair it?"

With a shrug on his shoulders, Chen Moran said a real problem.

"Foreclosure rights, companies from various countries must take the opportunity to increase the price. The Guangdong-Han Railway has softened the Ministry of Communications. Through the American consul, they expressed their hope to sell the road rights to us at a high price of 6 million US dollars. When these railways are redeemed, I'm afraid that the ruling axe should be ready to take out 100 million taels. How many railways can be repaired with 100 million taels? "

When he asked rhetorical questions, he answered for him again.

"At least 5,000 kilometers of railway! This is not a victory, but a fiasco!"

Staring at Liang Dunyan, Chen Moran continued to speak.

"What did we buy back with 100 million taels? For example, the Guangdong-Han Railway cost more than 10 million taels to buy a 49-kilometer railway, and more than 4,000 tons of rails and beams. Are these worth it?

Liang Dunyan can't understand the meaning of governing now. Is it possible that if the ruling doesn't pay a penny, he will take back the right of the road? How can the great powers agree?

"The right of way is recovered, but the problem is how to collect it. Now the Ministry of Communications is negotiating with the Hexing Company of Guangdong-Han Railway. We admit four million pounds of railway loans and even approve them to continue to build roads. The money of those companies is raised by selling bonds in Europe and the United States. They borrow other people's money from others. Give it to us, and then use this to threaten to undertake the construction of surveys and roads, including railways, which will also be operated by it. Until 50 years after its operation, we can take back the management right. Now what we want to fight for is this management right!"

"Governing, then you mean..."

"As long as the right to operate and manage the railway is recovered, it is not a bad thing to borrow money to build a road. The key problem is how to borrow money and not sell the rights and interests of the country. This is good debt. In the future, when we build roads, we will issue bonds directly from the Ministry of Finance to Europe and the United States. At the same time, the right to build and manage the railway is clearly stipulated. It is owned by the state of China, and the hired foreign engineers and the general ledger must be under the orders of the Ministry of Communications and the project head office or agency; outsiders shall not interfere in the purchase and expense of railway equipment, otherwise they shall not follow. The right of way is mine, even if it is offset by railway debt collection, what's the harm!"

He leaned lazily on the back of the chair, and Chen Moran half squinted his eyes.

"Political axes should dare to borrow money and spend, and are good at borrowing money. We can regard the country as a company and look at the national financial problems from the perspective of the company's finance. First of all, if the interest of state borrowing is higher than the rate of return of projects invested or spent by the state, for example, the interest rate of treasury bonds is 20% and the rate of return of national investment projects is only 2%. Here, the interest rate of treasury bonds is the cost and the rate of return on investment is income, then the project of state expenditure will lose 18% per year. In this case, in addition to the essential state expenditure, the political axe should stop and reduce expenditure, especially the political axe should not waste money through deficits and treasury bonds, and should reduce the tax burden. If so, the political axe should indeed save as much as possible to prevent future financial crisis from spending 20% interest on borrowing. The interest rate of treasury bonds is lower than the rate of return of national expenditure items, so the stocking money to the country will only hinder the growth of national power and make the country decline. For example, the return rate of railway construction is between 8% and 15% a year, which is far lower than the borrowing rate. At this time, we can borrow money boldly.

"In power, the national debt has long been accepted by the Chinese people, but my people can't accept the national debt! The reason why the Chinese people resist is that almost all the treasury bonds are imposed by the great powers to pay compensation, and the other is the loss of sovereignty in all loans! Therefore, Chinese people can't accept foreign debt!"

Liang Dunyan, a young child studying in the United States, naturally knows that there are good and bad in national debt, but the people's attitude towards the fundamental surname of national debt is of course even more unacceptable to borrow foreign debt. They don't know the reputation of borrowing money for construction.

While waving his hand, thinking about the people's resistance to the national debt, Chen Moran rubbed his temples with some headaches.

"Waiting for a while, Guangfu Newspaper and other domestic newspapers will issue some special articles on treasury bonds. Guangfu Newspaper will take the Japanese as an example to introduce the powerful role of national debt in the country. By the end of the 19th century, we had not implemented the treasury bond market, but we were already ahead. During the Meiji Restoration, it was said that it dared to use public bonds to support development, while during the same period, the Qing court was still busy stocking silver to the country. As a result, by the time of the First Sino-Japanese War, the national strength of the two countries was very different. In the end, Manqing, who saved silver, lost 250 million taels of silver to the borrowed money. He used borrowed silver to develop industry and railways, and built a fleet with borrowed silver. Finally, they earned back by a battle, but they continued to borrow more.

After a moment of meditation, Chen Moran continued to speak.

"It is undoubtedly the best inspiration to change the thinking of the Chinese people. Now, as a poor country, how can it challenge Russia, which is a European power? They use borrowed money to develop industry, develop military, and use borrowed money to fight. Borrowing not only makes Japan not lose its rights and interests, but also squeeze into the ranks of powerful countries. Don't shout to learn from the Japanese? To learn the Japanese version, you must first learn the Japanese attitude towards the national debt!"

With a sip of tea, Chen Moran continued.

"Now it is difficult to borrow new foreign bonds without foreign recognition, so we turn to domestic issuance of public bonds. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Finance, we have raised 43 million yuan of public bonds from China. After this issuance of public bonds, our domestic debt market is opening up. In the future, the efforts to issue treasury bonds at home will be increased. On the one hand, the political axe will step up the publicity of the role and significance of treasury bonds, and on the other hand, we should also publicize what is bad debt and what is. Good debt, let the people treat the two differently, and finally when they get used to it, they will naturally not care!"

He picked up the teacup and took a few sips, but Chen Moran frowned into a ball. Although he had already been psychologically prepared to turn his foreign deposits into China's national debt, it was not a matter that he always relied on his own money. After all, the money had other uses, but if the people did not recognize the foreign debt, he would make a big deal. I'm afraid that debt will arouse the evil feelings of the people!

"The debt must be raised. Let's start with the railway first!"

Before he finished speaking, outside the office, a military staff officer hurried in, holding a telegram in his hand, but his face looked happy and sad.

"Governing, Xi'an and Xi'an are righteous!"

(to be continued)