Chapter 79 Transformation

"China is a country with a rich clan tradition. The clan used to be an important form of governance and organization in China's rural society, and it played a very important role in the development of Chinese history. As a social organization that was once widely popular in Chinese society, it still exists in large numbers and still plays an important role. To a large extent, the clan gentry class is the maintainers of the rural order. They rely on clan rules and laws to maintain the rule of the imperial power in the countryside. It can be said that the clan gentry is the imperial power. Guarantees implemented in rural areas.

However, after the founding of the empire, especially in the early days of the empire, the power of the rural clan was seriously weakened, and the patriarchs were often held by the rich people of their own clan, who were the owners of a large amount of land.

According to the land law of the empire, except for the frontier areas of the empire, no family shall have more than ten mu of arable land. A large number of rich people's land has been replaced with state-owned enterprise stocks or cash. A large number of rural rich people have been leaving the city continuously in the empire for ten years. For thousands of years, the traditional order of Chinese rural areas has been maintained. Unreserved impact.

In this process, a new rural gentry class "royal teacher" became the spokesperson of the imperial power among the people. Under the traditional concept of "master like a father" and the reputation of "royal", the royal teacher naturally entered the ethnic (village) council and replaced the gentry who entered the city to some extent to become the rural order. Maintainer..."

"Ten Years of Empire" - Rural "people in the village office used to rely on the prestigious gentry of the people, but now they have to send soldiers to the village office. In this case, those retired... Well, how to determine the identity of soldiers in the countryside?"

In the study of the Royal Garden, facing His Majesty's request, Guan Mingtang has begun to calculate something on paper with a pen.

After meditating for a moment, Chen Moran shook his head and said:

"The part-time archivist and postman in the village office have to mediate a lot of small disputes, which should be regarded as a civil servant. After all, according to the provisions of the military law of the Imperial Guards, the standing soldiers are paid to the full pay. The monthly payment is eight yuan. After three years of service, the monthly allowance is two yuan. In another five years, they are retired to the reserve soldiers, and the monthly allowance is one yuan. Usually, they have their own business, and they are transferred for one month in winter, and the full pay. In another five years, they are removed from their military status,..."

To a large extent, when the Guards was built as a standing army, it referred to the organizational regulations of the Beiyang Army, especially the provisions of the standing army, the reserve army and the reserve army. The reason for doing so is very simple. China has no precedent for conscripts, and the historical status of soldiers is low, so the establishment of "compulsory military service" was established. At that time, the construction of the Beiyang Army was also referred to. In the end, this compulsory recruitment and mercenary organization became the characteristics of the Guards organization. From the day each soldier entered service, the state "signed" a contract with it for 13 years. In these 13 years, soldiers could receive military salary from the state even if they retired. It should be a post.

Thanks to the improvement of the status of soldiers and various preferential treatment, the recruitment of soldiers has always been the best recruiters. After all, every citizen over the age of 18 needs to perform military service and accept the military service examination school, and the "100 mu tax exemption" is the best motivation for rural children to do their best when taking the school entrance examination. With all kinds of efforts, the current guards can be said to have gathered the best rural children in China.

In Chen Moran's plan, in the process of implementing the national "militization", rural soldiers will bear the core of maintaining the country's grassroots order in the future. In the past decade, soldiers and military families have enjoyed some preferential treatment, such as the exemption of military families from agricultural tax, and soldiers Families can hang "royal dragon badges" and so on. For rural families, the number of soldiers in this family will, to some extent, determine the amount of agricultural tax relief for a family. After all, every soldier has a tax-free quota of 100 mu, and the landowners of this 100-acre duty-free land are the soldiers who are free to choose in the family.

It is also because of these preferential conditions that the social status of soldiers has been truly improved in the past decade, not only limited to the fact that "military" in law is glorious and sacred", and now, according to his request, soldiers will be further sanctified.

"Therefore, there is no need to pay additional posts, and in this way, every few years, a new group of soldiers will enter the village office. It can be said that such an arrangement does not require additional funds from the central and local governments! Just like teachers now! Don't those royal teachers also need to pay extra wages?

"Well, now in the village self-government association, teachers often play the role of determining surnames."

Guan Mingtang said truthfully that in the new rural gentry class, "royal teachers" can be said to be a class formed in the past decade. They have become the spokespersons of the imperial power in the people, responsible for assisting the county government to manage the countryside, and even bear the responsibility of teaching the ordinary people.

"Your Majesty, if the soldiers enter the village office, and the village self-government will leave seats for the soldiers, will it have an impact on the self-government?"

Shaking his head, Chen Moran looked up at Guan Mingtang:

"Those soldiers in the countryside will not monopolize everything, and how much do the villages benefit from the soldiers who pass through the village every year? The empire has more than 20,000 mu of duty-free arable land all year round. Are all military families benefiting? No! More than 70% of them are beneficiaries of the same ethnic group. They benefit through soldiers. Why can't rural soldiers enter the village self-government association? Moreover, they enter the village self-government association in order to promote a "new life" in rural areas across the country. The core of this new life is militarised and disciplined, and it is difficult to rely on royal teachers alone. /P>

Suddenly, he looked at Cai Yuanpei, who was the Minister of Education, and the "new life of citizens" will be carried out by the cooperation of the staff and the Ministry of Education.

"Of course, I'm not saying that teachers are not good enough. They have done a good job. Ten years ago, the national literacy ratio was only 15%, but now it is 65%, which depends on the efforts of three million royal teachers. However, what we need to see is that although the literacy rate needs to be improved, the quality of the people still needs to be Compared with ordinary people, soldiers pay more attention to hygiene. In the countryside, the cleanest and neatest family is not a gentry or a teacher's family, but a soldier in the countryside. They bring the internal affairs habits of the army into their personal life, and our current purpose is to pass the "nationalized military and national education". Let all citizens accept new hygiene habits and living habits.

Take out a cigar from the cigarette box on the table, hold it in your mouth, light the cigar, and take a deep sip of the cigarette.

"So my plan is to take rural soldiers as the core to mobilize and control the grass-roots level and promote the modernization of rural areas. Nowadays, rural soldiers only have the most organized surnames, disciplined surnames and enough culture and knowledge to bear this heavy responsibility. As for the local power group, it is also a local power group under the control of the central government, which can just cope with the tendency of localism after the autonomy of the county and government. Whether you are township autonomy, county autonomy or government autonomy, the central government can maintain control over the most basic level through the township military association at all levels.

Jiang Baili, the army chief of staff immediately showed an expression of appreciation when he heard His Majesty's words, but at the same time, he understood that it would be difficult for this plan to get the support of the political axe. Guan Mingtang has been worried about "military cadres in politics". How can veterans control the countryside?

"The fundamental problem of China is the agricultural problem, and the agricultural problem is the rural problem. The rural problem is the problem of farmers. As long as we solve the problem of farmers, China's problem will be solved. I don't deny that farmers are simpler than urban residents, but 300 million rural people have a long-term bad life. Habits seriously restrict the development of our country!"

With that, Chen Moran looked at Jiang Baili.

"Therefore, we should use soldiers to carry out military education with national surnames, improve the quality of the people, and change the current situation that the people only know individualism and do not know the collection! So as to achieve the ultimate goal of transforming the national life!"

When referring to the transformation of national surnames, Chen Moran only felt a stir in his chest. The national surname or national surname is the national quality, and the most basic thing is its ideological and moral quality, or the ideological and moral quality of the national surname and the people are commonly used in general. Their basic connotations refer to the common ideals and beliefs, value scales, surname characteristics, moral norms, ways of thinking, and even psychology, customs and habits formed by a country and a nation in the same cultural background for a long time.

In later generations, every time the "national surname" is mentioned, people will think of Lu Xun. Lu Xun studied the national surname for the liberation of the Chinese working masses and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. As he said in his essay "Dissatisfaction": "There are many races of people who are not complacent, always moving forward and always hopeful. There are many races that only blame people and don't know how to reflect. It's a disaster!" In the first half of his death, he also pointed out in a letter to You Bingqi, "to expose his shortcomings, which is intended to revive and improve"! Therefore, it is incumbent on Lu Xun to expose the chronic disease of the national surname, explore the "root" of the ideological and moral quality of the nation, and explore and shape a new type of national quality.

However, the "national bad roots" exposed and criticized by Lu Xun have been accumulated in the long-term development of Chinese history. It is a "strical disease" that has not been cured for a long time. In history, Lu Xun denounced the "circle" consciousness, the mentality of spectators, the "fighting in the nest" phenomenon, etc., until a hundred years later, the change is still small. In order to change the "national bad name", there are too many movements and attempts in history, but the only thing that has not been tried is the most effective thing - national militarization!

National militarization may not be the best choice, but it is the only feasible choice. Compared with sports change in the ordinary sense, or learn from this, learn from that, militarized training and life, but it can teach people a habit, a militarized living habit, militarized training, militarization. In the process of life and militarization of the country, it can also cultivate the discipline and team spirit of ordinary people.

And through that kind of militarization of national life, the people can have a healthy foundation, and the body is the capital of everything. Good physical fitness can improve the competitiveness of the whole nation.

Cai Yuanpei, who promotes military and national education in the Ministry of Education, nodded first after a moment of meditation, and then shook his head:

"But how much effort and money do you need to invest to promote the militarization of national life throughout the country? This is not only to rely on soldiers in the countryside, but also to establish corresponding groups at all levels. Moreover, it is obviously not realistic to stimulate Guoming to participate in training and rely only on coercive measures. These need to be considered.

Cai Yuanpei's suggestion, let Chen Moran turn around and remind the sphist behind him:

"Have you written it down?"

After receiving a satisfactory reply, he turned back indifferently and said:

"This is not a problem. How to let the soldiers in the village enter the village self-government association?"

After a rhetorical question, Chen Moran shook his head and said.

"Relying only on an order signed by me? Although soldiers have the name of royal soldiers, they are different from teachers. With this tradition, the status of teachers themselves is higher than that of soldiers. With the name of "royal", they enter the village self-governing association, which is a matter of course. Therefore, the problem to be solved cannot only rely on one order, but also to solve their Identity issues.

"Otherwise, get a sheriff! Before retiring, those soldiers received three months of judicial training to serve as village magistrates. Now the village security is a blank. In this regard, we can coordinate with the Ministry of Justice, which can not only solve the problem of their identity, but also solve the problem of social status.

Jiang Baili has been thinking about the timely suggestion of the status of soldiers in the countryside.

"If all rural magistrates in China are held by soldiers in the countryside..."

In his heart, Jiang Baili couldn't help but look forward to it. Only at that time could a strict military mobilization system be established. Now China's military mobilization system is not strict. In the city, there are police stations to assist in mobilization, but in the countryside, now China's rural areas, as for thousands of years, are all "Sheep herding" management relies only on rural autonomy, at most with the assistance of teachers, but it is difficult to establish a truly efficient military mobilization system.

"And you can also organize a military skills competition from village to village. The rewards of the competition can draw a certain proportion of duty-free fields, use the collective sense of honor and collective interests of the village community, and urge each village to take the initiative to participate in the competition through the military skills competition..."

"What about the distribution of the winner's duty-free land? How to implement it to every family in the end? Or let a few people profit from it?"

Guan Mingtang immediately retorted that long before he became the Prime Minister, when he presided over the Ministry of Finance, he had a lot of complaints about the "military field tax exemption" system, because the benefits of military families are limited, and the beneficiaries are often large families of the village ethnic groups, and those with high social status and great influence in their own ethnic groups are not necessarily Someone served in the army. On the surface, those "tax-free military fields" are decided by the soldiers themselves, but the soldiers have to consider that their families and after they retire, they have to deal with the large families in their own clan, so they will give the tax-free shares outside their families to the large families or patriarchs, and they will distribute them, and the beneficiaries are naturally those people.

Guan Mingtang's opposition made Jiang Baili frown slightly. Naturally, he heard about the shortcomings of Juntian, and it was often reported in newspapers. But these problems can't be solved at all now, and at this time, Cai Yuanpei took the initiative to say.

"Otherwise, the tax on those duty-free fields will still be levied. The military competition can be set in winter, that is, after the tax is levied, and at that time, it was still agricultural leisure. If the tax is levied, it can be returned. Of course, it will not be returned to each village, but directly to the national schools of each village. In this way, the beneficiaries are the children of those villagers. There is no unfair problem. After all, almost all families have children in national schools.

Thinking about it carefully, Jiang Baili nodded repeatedly and said:

"Yes, that's a good way to do it, and as your majesty said, this is the collective, collective interests, collective honor, and ultimately the collective benefits..."

No one objected to this.

"It is only one of the steps to let the township soldiers serve as sheriffs and military competitions. We should consider a whole. After all, the sheriffs are only a part of the township soldiers. My idea is that we should establish civil groups, establish civil groups at all levels from top to bottom, and include all male citizens into the civil groups. In this way of being a soldier for all the people, we can achieve the goal of using soldiers in the countryside, training the people, and changing the people. In this world of the law of the jungle, if we don't find a way to strengthen ourselves, it is purely the fate of being slaughtered..."

After a seemingly emotional sigh, Chen Moran continued to say:

"This is not only related to the improvement of the overall quality of the people, but also about the rise and fall of the whole nation. If the militia is well run, then the militia will have a lot to be done. If it is used well, it can not only protect the bandits and protect the township, but also effectively mobilize the people. In wartime, each divisional district only needs to proportionally lower the supplementary amount. In each district, the soldiers can be directly replenished by each civil regiment district. If the soldiers and the people are united, this is the way for China to take in the future.

Seeing that everyone's expressions were still uncomfortable, Chen Moran took a sip of tea and explained it seriously:

"From now on, we should completely change the tradition of "imperial power does not go down to the village community" and rebuild the protection system in China, with ten households as the first, ten first-one as the protection, and ten guarantees as the township as the standard. A has a head of the army, retains a security guard, and is also a reserve captain of the civil regiment. He is responsible for the training of the males of this group. There is a township head in the township and a captain of the civil regiment. He is responsible for the internal examination and supervision and training of the brigade. These positions are all held by soldiers in the township. They can be regarded as political axe officers outside the "autonomy association". Of course, they can be the chief of staff. The official rank of the headquarters, as a "royal official", should naturally enter the village council and the village office directly.

Chen Moran's proposal does not seem to be very new. After all, the armor protection system existed thousands of years ago, but this is just to find a "head". The ultimate goal is to enrich the soldiers in the countryside from all angles of society, and use the soldiers in the countryside to carry out military training for the people, so as to achieve the purpose of "integrating the whole country".

"Well, take a look. According to what we talked about today, we will integrate some corresponding laws and regulations. This year, we will do a good job of national military training!"

(to be continued)