Battle of Gongsun Zun and Boundary Bridge
I. Gongsun Zant's affairs
Without extraordinary ability, Gongsun Zan can't become Yuan Shao's great enemy. Let's see how he does it first. He was originally a small official in the municipal government, but because he was handsome and had a loud voice, he married his daughter to him. After becoming a son-in-law, he went to be a student for Lu Zhi and met Liu Bei. Gongsun Zan is famous for two things in the world, one article and one martial arts. Otherwise, how can a soft-eating man lead Youzhou?
At that time, Liu Taishou was demoted to the south (not the old father-in-law, replaced), and Gongsun Zan, as an official, drove for the Taishou. When Gongsun Zan left, he paid tribute to his ancestors. He said that he used to be the son of man, but now he is a minister. He served in the south of the sun and the south of the sun, or he was afraid that he would not return it. He resigned with his ancestors here. Then he worshipped and rose generously.
They are from Liaoxi, sent to the south, with thousands of mountains and rivers, unconvinced by the water and soil and the miasma of the south, basically can't come back. At that time, people's life expectancy was short, and it was not peaceful, and the mortality rate was much higher than we thought. Of course, the distribution to the south, after all, is not to put the oil pot, go to Daoshan, and Jing Ke west into the strong Qin Dynasty, which is easy to water and song. This guy YY, looks very generous, and is a handsome man with a loud voice and a resolute attitude, which won the appreciation of the onlookers. In ancient times, this separation was likely to be true for a lifetime, so chic and generous, and also a hero.
As a result, Liu Taishou was pardoned halfway back, but Gongsun Zhan became famous for it. It's really hard to say about the changes in life. If this matter is still a bit of a gimmick, then Gongsun Zan relies on solid skills for the next thing.
After returning, Gongsun Zan made the long history of Liaodong. Once he took dozens of his entourage out of the horse and met hundreds of horses on the way. The strength is several times different, and there is no danger to defend in the northern plain. The cavalry fights against each other to defeat the weak. Gongsun Zun said to his entourage that if he didn't rush, he would die, so he personally took a double-headed spear with both blades and took the lead. Everyone tried their best to kill dozens of people in one go, and finally lost half of his men and escaped back for him.
Although this is a small-scale battle at the company level, up to the battalion level, Gongsun Zan is a Han Chinese (the Xianbei single soldier cavalry is much stronger than the Han nationality). With absolute disadvantage, hard to hard, he can break through the siege and only lose half of the people and escape back, which can be said to be a quite a mythical record. This public is brave, so he can lead the army and gain the strength of the Youzhou cavalry.
Because of this incident, Gongsun Zan is famous, and Xianbei people dare not go deeper. The yellow scarf was in chaos, and the north was also full of bandits, bandits were rampant, and everyone became king. Because of his military talent, Gongsun Zan has been repeatedly promoted and gained a firm foothold in Youzhou. Moreover, Gongsun Zan fought with the Hu people all year and accumulated rich experience in cavalry combat (in the cavalry battle at that time, because the stamen had not been invented, it mainly relied on the impulse of the cavalry charge, and the horses with armor were not afraid of bows and arrows, and were more powerful, so the vest was very precious. Only a few elite soldiers can ride and shoot, as well as some ethnic minorities who have lived on horseback for a long time.
II. The beginning of the battle for Yizhou
Yuan Shao started as an anti-Dong coalition. As the leader of the alliance, he has much more prestige and talents. But the real takeoff of his career is to capture Jizhou. Jizhou is a big state, much larger than Qingzhou (after Yuan Shao's death, Yuan Shang lived in Jizhou and Yuan Tan lived in Qingzhou. He was beaten and fled, because the strength of the two states was not on the same level, and it was not that Yuan Shang's military ability was higher than Yuan Tan). Yuan Shaobing took Jizhou lightly and laid the foundation for his career development.
Let's take a look at Yuan Shao's strategy. At the beginning, he did not really fight against Dong Zhuo. Cao Cao and Sun Jian, who were upright, went desperately, and he became the leader of the alliance. In fact, as an alliance leader, he relied on prestige, not strength. His territory was not large, so at that time, the world was in chaos, and he was thinking about expansion.
The clever victory of Jizhou is the strategy put forward by his subordinates. If Gongsun Zan was invited to attack Jizhou together, Han Fu, the owner of Yizhou, must be very afraid at that time. At that time, Han Fu invited Yuan Shao to fight against Gongsun Zan and take the initiative to get out.
Sure enough, Gongsun Zan was invited by Yuan Shao to lead a large army into Jizhou (now Hebei territory) in the name of crusade against Dong Zhuo. How can Han Fu's troops resist Gongsun Zan's cavalry? So he retreated steadily.
And Yuan Shao from Qingzhou also suddenly turned around and entered the boundary of Jizhou and settled in Yanjin (later the key location of Guandu). At this time, Han Fu was in a hurry. Yuan Shao sent Xun Kan and Gao Gan to lobby Han Fu, saying that Gongsun Zan was a strong soldier in the world. Most of the counties in your territory had defected, and Yuan Shao came from the east. I think the general was in danger. Gongsun Zan and Yuan Shao are both heroes for a while, and Jizhou is an important place for the world to be rich. They will definitely compete for it. If you don't choose to stand aside, you will die. Yuan Shao is your old alliance. You might as well give Yizhou to Yuan Shao. If he receives your territory, Gongsun Zan can resist it. The general is in the name of the virtuous and settles down in Mount Tai.
Han Fu actually has unspeakable difficulties. During the crusade against Dong Zhuo, the nobles and generals of Jizhou were very close to Yuan Shao. Of course, people tend to be heroes. If you can't do it yourself, you can't blame others. Han Fu once did not send food and fodder to Yuan Shao's Dong Dajun because of jealousy, but turned out that his generals looked down on him. The general Qu Yi defected to Yuan Shao at that time (this man is not a small man. In the battle of Jieqiao, he is the protagonist).
Jizhou military horses are also loyal to Han Fu. They analyzed Han Fu that Yuan Shao had no food and fodder, and it was a bluff to enter Jizhou. We have good soldiers and can break it in one battle. Sun Quan had fought earlier, but Han Fu was timid, so he weighed it over and over again and gave Jizhou to Yuan Shao.
Han Fu had an enemy named Zhu Han. Seeing that Han Fu had no power, he led the soldiers to surround Han Fu and broke the legs of Han Fu's eldest son. Yuan Shao was fierce and immediately arrested Zhu Han and beheaded him. But Han Fu was afraid, so he ran away to Zhang Mi. Finally, Yuan Shao's messenger came. He thought that Yuan Shao sent someone to ask Zhang Mio to kill himself and got up to commit suicide (in fact, Yuan Shao really didn't mean to kill him and was still waiting to be a model of kindness).
As soon as Han Fu died, Yuan Shao completely controlled Yizhou. But although he won Jizhou without blood, the Gongsun Zan invited was a big trouble? In fact, Gongsun Zan didn't know Yuan Shao's little thought, but he had always been greedy for Yizhou, so he borrowed Yuan Shao's invitation and led the army to come. After Han Fu's death, Gongsun Zan did not recognize Yuan Shao, the pastor of Jizhou, and appointed his general Yan Gang as the governor of Jizhou. He also appointed a group of state and county leaders in Yizhou, including Pingyuan County, and this county magistrate was Liu Bei, who later became famous all over the world.
At this time, Yuan Shao and Gongsun Zan's war was inevitable, and the essence of the boundary bridge battle was the battle for Jizhou.
There is also a small episode here. Yuan Shaogang got Jizhou and was afraid that Gongsun Zan would not be satisfied, so he gave up his Bohai Taishou to Gongsun Zan's younger brother. Gongsun Zan is not a fuel-efficient lamp. He did not attack Yuan Shao for the time being, but broke the Yellow Turban Army, the third strength of Jizhou. Gongsun was strong and strong, and he won two wars and captured a population of 70,000. In order to stand on the moral side, he also published a famous publication. Gongsun Zun is a student of Lu Zhi, and his writing is really good. This article clearly pointed out Yuan Shao's behavior of ignoring Sun Jian's PP and helping him.
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Outside the shock plug
178 A.D.-184 AD (During the period of Guanghe), Bianzhang and Han Sui rebelled. The court sent 3,000 elite cavalry from Youzhou (now southwest of Beijing) and gave Gongsun Zan the governor to act, commanding the 3,000 cavalry. When Gongsun Zan led his army to Jizhong, Zhang Chun, a native of Yuyang (now southwest of Miyun, Beijing), lured Qiu Liju, the leader of Wuhuan in Liaoxi, and other rebellions to capture the cities of Youbeiping County (now southeast of Fengrun, Hebei) and Liaoxi County. Gongsun Zun pursued Zhang Chun and other traitors with 3,000 cavalry, made achievements in battle, and was promoted to cavalry lieutenant. At this time, the leader of Wuhuan, a subordinate country, was corrupt to the king and led the crowd to surrender to Gongsun Zan. Gongsun Zan was promoted to Zhonglang general again, became the Marquis of Duting, and entered the dependent country. In the next five or six years, there has been continuous war with the nomads in the north. [ 5]
In 188 AD (the fifth year of Zhongping, Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty), Gongsun Zan, Zhang Chun, Qiu Liju and others fought in the stone gate of Liaodong. Zhang Chun and others were defeated, so Zhang Chun then left his wife and children and fled to Xianbei. Gongsun Zan continued to pursue. Because he was too deep, he was besieged by Qiu Liju in Guanzi City in Liaoxi for more than 200 days. He ran out of food and most of the soldiers were killed and injured. Qiu Liju's army was also exhausted and left for Liucheng. The imperial edict to worship Gongsun Zan as a capt, and was awarded the title of Marquis of Duting, and also led the history of the country. Gongsun Zan then led the soldiers and horses to protect the border. Every time he heard the enemy attack, Gongsun Zant immediately spoke sharply and fought like his enemy, even until late at night. From then on, Wuhuan was afraid of Gongsun Zang's bravery and dared not invade again. Gongsun Zan often rides a white horse with dozens of people who are good at riding and shooting. They are left and right wings, and call themselves "White Horse Yi Cong". [ 6]
During the chaos of the yellow scarf, Qiu Liju's banknotes were slightly green, Xu, You and Ji. The four states were killed by it, and Gongsun Zan could not resist it. [ 7]
The court sent Liu Yu (Bo'an), a native of Donghai County (now Tancheng County, Shandong Province), as the pastor of Youzhou Prefecture. After Liu Yu arrived in office, he sent envoys to the nomads to know the interests and ordered them to present Zhang Chun's head. When Qiu Liju and others heard that Liu Yu had arrived, they sent messengers to communicate about the attachment. Gongsun Zan was worried about Liu Yu's meritorious service and secretly sent people to assassinate these messengers on the way. After the nomads understood this, they took a detour to Liu Yu. Liu Yu reported to the court to withdraw the garrison army, leaving only Gongsun Zan to station more than 10,000 infantry and cavalry in Youbeiping. [ 8]
In March 189 (the sixth year of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty), Zhang Chun was killed by his guest Wang Zheng and gave his head to Liu Yu. Liu Yu was awarded the title of lieutenant for his meritorious service in appeasing the nomads and was awarded the title of Marquis of Xiangben. Soon, Liu Yu was moved to Da Sima, Gongsun Zan became General Fenwu, and he was awarded the title of Jihou. [ 9]
Big broken yellow scarf
In 191 AD (the second year of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty), the Qingzhou Yellow Turban Army attacked the Bohai Sea (now northeast of Nanpi, Hebei Province) and gathered 300,000 people to join the Black Mountain Army. Gongsun Zan led 20,000 people to break through the Qingzhou Yellow Turban in Dongguangnan University and beheaded more than 30,000. The yellow scarf army in Qingzhou abandoned their heavy arms and ran across the river. Gongsun Zan waited for them to attack halfway and defeated the Yellow Turban Army again. Tens of thousands of people died, more than 70,000 people were captured, and countless car armor and belongings were numerous, so Gongsun Zan's reputation was shocked. [ 10]
Fudge Liu Yuan
Liu Xie, Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, wanted to return to Luoyang, and sent Liu He, Liu Yu's son, to escape from Chang'an, secretly went out of Wuguan to find Liu Yu, and asked Liu Yu to lead his troops to meet him. Liu He passed through Yuan Shu's residence and informed Yuan Shu of the matter. Yuan Shu detained Liu He and asked Liu He to write a letter to Liu Yu and promised to wait for Liu Yu to lead troops to help Yuan and go to Chang'an together. Gongsun Zan knew that Yuan Shu would rebel and stop Liu Yu, but Liu Yu did not listen. Gongsun Zan was worried that Yuan Shu would hate him after knowing it, so he sent his cousin Gongsun Yue to lead more than a thousand cavalry to Yuan Shu to get married, and secretly let Yuan Shu detain Liu He and seize Liu He's soldiers and horses. Therefore, the conflict between Gongsun Zan and Liu Yu is getting deeper and deeper. [ 11]
Gongsun Zun
Gongsun Zun
Yuan Shu sent Gongsun Yue to help Sun Jian attack Zhou Ang. Gongsun Yue was shot and killed. Gongsun Zan said angrily, "The death of my brother was caused by Yuan Shao." So he sent troops to Panhe (now Hebei) to prepare to retaliate against Yuan Shao. Yuan Shao was very frightened and handed over the seal of the governor of Bohai County to Gongsun Zan's cousin Gongsun Fan and sent him to Nanpi to help Gongsun Zan. Gongsun Fan then betrayed Yuan Shao, assisted Gongsun Zan with Bohai troops, and broke through the Yellow Turban Army in Qingzhou and Xuzhou. The army became increasingly strong and stationed at the boundary bridge (the former site is now in Wei County, Hebei Province). Gongsun Zan himself appointed Yan Gang as the pastor of Jizhou, Tian Kai as the pastor of Qingzhou, Shan Jing as the pastor of Yanzhou (now northwest of Jinxiang County, Shandong Province), and appointed a county magistrate. [ 12]
Fight for Jizhou
192 AD (the third year of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty), Yuan Shaotun's army in Guangchuan County (now northeast of Zaoqiang County, Hebei Province) fought with Gongsun Zan 20 miles south of the boundary bridge. Gongsun Zan has 30,000 elite soldiers. Yuan Shao ordered him to lead 800 elite soldiers in front of him, with thousands of crossbows on both wings. Gongsun Zan despised Yuan Shao's soldiers and went to war with cavalry. Lu Yi ordered the soldiers to lie still under the sceptre. When Gongsun Zan's army reached ten steps ago, Gongsun Zan was defeated at the same time. Yuan Shaojun captured Yan Gang and beheaded him. Kou Yi chased Gongsun Zan to the boundary bridge, and Gongsun Zan led his troops to fight back and was defeated again. [ 13] So Gongsun Zan fled to Ji County (now Daxing District, Beijing) and built another small city in the southeast of the county seat to defend himself. He approached Liu Yu and gradually formed hatred. Yuan Shao sent his general Cui Juye to lead his troops to attack Gongsun Zan's Gu'an. When he led the army back to the south, he was caught up by Gongsun Zan's army and was defeated, and seven or 8,000 people were killed. [ 14] Gongsun Zan wanted to take advantage of the victory to pursue, but he was defeated by Yuan Shao in Longmappo, and the two sides achieved a balance of battle. [ 15]
attack and destroy Liu Yu
In 193 (the fourth year of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty), Liu Yu was worried about Gongsun Zan's rebellion, so he led 100,000 troops to attack Gongsun Zan. At that time, Gongsun Zan's part was scattered, and he hurriedly wanted to escape from the east city. Liu Yu's soldiers were not used to fighting, and they issued a military order not to harass the people and could not attack for a long time. Gongsun Zan then recruited hundreds of elite soldiers, followed the wind and set fire, taking advantage of the situation to enter Liu Yu's barracks, and Liu Yu was defeated. Liu Yu and his subordinates fled north to Juyong County (now Yanqing East, Beijing). Gongsun Zan broke through Juyong City in three days and captured Liu Yu and his wife and children back to Ji County. At this time, Dong Zhuo was dead. Emperor Xian sent an envoy Duan Xun to add a fief to Liu Yu, ordered him to rule the six prefectures, and promoted Gongsun Zan to be a former general and awarded the title of Marquis of Yi. Gongsun Zan framed Liu Yu and Yuan Shao for conspirating to claim the throne, and coerced Duan Xun to kill Liu Yu and his wife and children in Ji City. Gongsun Zan sent Liu Yu's head to the capital, which was robbed and buried on the road by Liu Yu's old subordinate Wei Dun. After Gongsun Zan killed Liu Yu, he got the whole Youzhou. He became more and more arrogant, did not care about the people, remembered that he was forgetful, and he would repay him. [ 16]
Bie Zhan's losing streak
In 195 (the second year of Xingping, Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty), Liu Yu, who was engaged in Yuyang Xian Yufu, Qi Zhou, Qi and Wei Xian Yuyin, led Youzhou soldiers and horses to avenge Liu Yu. Because Yan Rou (now Beijing Daxing) was kind and righteous, they elected Yan Rou as Wuwan Sima. Yan Rou recruited Xianbei, Wuwan and other soldiers, and gained tens of thousands of Han soldiers and Hu soldiers. He fought with Zou Dan, the governor of Yuyang placed by Gongsun Zan, in the north of the Lu River (today's Baihe River), defeating Gongsun Zan's army and killing Zou Dan. Wuhuan Qiaowang also led more than 7,000 of his tribe and Xianbei cavalry. He followed Xian Yufu to welcome Liu Yu's son Liu He and Yuan Shao's general Qu Yi, and jointly attacked Gongsun Zan with 100,000 troops, defeated Gongsun Zan in Baoqiu, and beheaded more than 20,000. Therefore, Daijun, Guangyang, Shanggu and Youbeiping each killed the governors set up by Gongsun Zan and joined forces with Xian Yufu and Liu Hebing. Gongsun Zan was repeatedly defeated, so he fled back to Yijing (the former location is in the northwest of Xiong County, Hebei Province) to hold on and opened up farmland. Sun Yuanxiang held for more than a year, and Quyi withdrew from the army. Gongsun Zan took advantage of the situation to defeat Quyi and got the weight of his car. [ 17]
Gongsun Zan also dug more than a dozen trenches in the Yi River, and built five or six feet of mounds in the trenches, and built a barracks on the hill. The mound in the middle of the trench is the highest, more than ten feet. Gongsun Zan lived among them and took the iron as the gate, so that men over seven years old were not allowed to enter. He only lived in it with his wife and concubines and hoarded three million grains. Gongsun Zan also made the woman learn to speak loudly, so that the sound could be heard hundreds of steps to convey orders. Gongsun Zan alienated the guests again, so that there was no cronies around him, and the advisers and generals gradually alienated them. Since then, he has rarely come out to fight. [ 18]
Self-immolation