Ancient poison
Broken intestine grass - Another is that Lei Teng (Diary of Traditional Chinese Medicine) mung beans, honeysuckle and licorice are actually all-purpose antidotes, as well as lychee pedicles, raw soybean milk, etc.
Lei Gongteng
Lei Gongteng was born in the wet place of the forest edge of the mountain. It is distributed in the south and southwest of the Yangtze River Basin. Roots are picked in autumn, leaves are picked in summer, flowers and fruits are picked in summer and autumn.
[Function and Main Treatment] Lei Gongteng has the effects of killing insects, anti-inflammatory and detoxification. It is a widely used insecticide in vegetable gardens in Jiangsu and Zhejiang China. It has the functions of dispelling wind, detoxification and insect-killing. It is also used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis, leprosy, etc. Its roots, leaves and flowers can be pounded and applied externally, but after applying the root, it must be removed after half an hour, otherwise it will blister.
[Symptoms of poisoning] The incubation period is generally about 2 hours, such as the symptoms of decoction or drinking at the same time, appear earlier and more serious. The general time of death is about 24 hours, no more than 4 days at most. The poisoning begins to cause dizziness, headache, palpitations, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, muscle pain, howling and struggle, numbness or convulsions in the limbs, and pain in the liver and kidney area. Blood stool, oliguria, edema, occasionally hematuria, urine storage, blood pressure drop, cyanosis of lip nails, severe dehydration, electrolyte disorders and shock, acute renal failure and uremia. Occasionally due to myocardial damage, arrhythmia, cardiogenic cerebral ischemic syndrome, nasal bleeding, vomiting blood, whole body and cold pill pain, later hair loss, skin contact can cause inflammation.
[Rescue method] 1. It can last for 5 days after the poison, and the prognosis is better. Those who come into contact with the poisoned should leave the scene immediately...
2. When nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and abdominal distension, pain in the liver and kidney area, and elevated protein and serum transaminase in the urine, the drug should be stopped immediately.
3. Urge vomiting, gastric lavage, diarrhea and enema as soon as possible.
4. Enter 10% glucose water or 5% glucose saline intravenously.
In addition; symptomatic treatment: such as pulmonary edema, cardiogenic cerebral ischemic syndrome, acute renal failure, high blood potassium and severe uremia should be rescued according to conventional methods. In the cases of acute renal failure, high blood potassium and severe uremia, the immediate application of dialysis therapy is often effective. Atropine is used for abdominal pain, and stable can be used for neurological symptoms.
Another kind of broken intestine grass - hook kiss, that is, gourd vine, also known as wild vine, poisonous root, vine grass, fishy, yellow vine, broken intestine grass, kiss vine (these can be found in Mengxi Pen Talk) Chaoyang grass, big tea medicine, big tea vine, tiger wolf grass, shuttle grass, cannon leaf, yellow flower bitter evening vine, yellow fierce vegetable, cold vine, vine yellow tea Ye (Guangxi name) big chicken bitter vine and so on. It's an annual vine of the Maqian family (Brother Jing Man, the information I saw is like this). Xiyang, oval long round leaves opposite, small yellow flowers, 5 calyx funnel-shaped, ovate, flowering period 8-11 months, fruit 12-2 months. Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan, Guizhou and Gui are all distributed. The whole plant contains alkaloids such as hook-nosed hormone (most), Yin (most dramatic), Mao, A, C, Chen, B, etc.
The animal experimental lethal dose is 0.8mg/kg (strong enough). The symptoms are respiratory paralysis, and the symptoms are the same. But interestingly, at this time, the animal's heart is still beating, and ephedrine and other substances have no obvious relief effect, which proves that rhubacin does not act on the central or peripheral nerve, according to There is muscle weakness after poisoning, so it is generally believed that it acts on spinal motor neurons. Cochinitocin has weak thyroid toxicity and can be used as a painkiller with aspirin, but none of them have the effect of paralysing ganglia, which is different from erygopoison. It also has an inhibitory effect on adrenaline and smooth muscle, that is to say, it can inhibit the heart and lower blood pressure.
Hookosin (mainly hookosin) can treat neuralgia, especially trigeminal neuralgia (good! Anyone with a little medical knowledge knows how annoying trigeminal neuralgia is!) It can also treat acute poliomyelitis (better!) However, the terrible thing is that the therapeutic dose of this thing is almost the same as the dose of poisoning. It is always frightening to use it. Once there is an abnormal breathing, you should take measures as soon as possible. ( It can really cure some annoying diseases. It seems that there is still a little basis for Jin Daxia's nonsense.) External use can treat rheumatic joint pain, carburs, Jinchuang, etc.
The symptoms of poisoning are: neuromuscular paralysis, diplopia, burning pain in the digestive tract, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal swelling or constipation, rapid heartbeat first and then slow heartbeat, dyspnea, collapse, etc. As mentioned earlier, hookoscin acts on spinal motor neurons, which makes its treatment more difficult. There are no specific drugs. The general first aid methods are stomach lavage, vomiting, diarrhea, etc. Traditional Chinese medicine can be infused with Sanhuang decoction (Huang Cen, Huanglian, Huangbai, Licorice), or honeysuckle juice and brown sugar, etc. There is also a folk prescription: fresh sheep. Blood-heat irrigation is also effective.
The wine owl is a legendary raptor, bigger than an eagle, loud and sad. Its feathers are highly poisonous. If you soak it in the wine with its feathers, it will become wine, which is very toxic and almost irredable. However, considering the actual situation, it is estimated that this is just a legend. Over time, the wine has become a general term for poisoned wine. One way of saying: the pheasant is not a legendary raptor. It actually exists. It is a ready-to-eat snake eagle. The small raptor is not much bigger than a chicken, and is widely distributed in the southern mountainous areas, such as the Wudang Mountain area. Because he eats snakes, he is mistaken for being highly poisonous. The "Yu Bu" of Taoist priest's practice has been verified to be an imitation of his movements when catching snakes. There is also a saying that the bream is a rare and unknown bird that has been captured and killed.
Crane top red also often appears in novels, but there is no such entry in all books. Cranes have crane meat, crane bones and crane brains, but they are all non-toxic, and they are all nourishing and gain drugs. For example, the crane brain can enhance eyesight and make people see things at night. What is Hedinghong? I checked some less formal articles, saying that Hedinghong is actually a red letter stone. Rutile is a natural mineral of arsenic trioxide, which is the famous arsenic after processing. Perhaps because the red letter stone is red, the name Hedinghong is used. It is said that in ancient times, officials hid it in the crown of the dynasty and kill it when necessary, it is credible. After arsenic enters the human body, it will bind to the sulfur group of the protein, making the protein degeneration inactive, blocking the way of oxidative energy supply in cells, and causing rapid lack of ATP energy supply to die, which is similar to the mechanism of action of hydrocyanic acid.
The pupwood turtle is Ma Qianzi, which is the seed of Ma Qianzi and Yunnan Ma Qianzi. Flat or oblate, 1.5~3cm in diameter and 0.3~0.6cm in thickness. It is often raised on one side, slightly concave on one side, and hairy on the surface. The edge is slightly raised and thicker, and there is a protruding dot-shaped umbilical in the center of the bottom surface, which is hard. The toxic components are mainly Strychnine (C21H22O2N2) and Brucine (C23H26O4N2). It is mainly used for rheumatic paralysis, numbness and paralysis, fall injury, scabies and pain; polio sequelae, rheumatoid joint pain, and it is said that it can also be used for myasthenia gravis. The symptoms of poisoning are the initial appearance of headache, dizziness, irritability, enhanced breathing, muscle cramps, dysphagia, aggravated breathing, shrinking of pupils, chest swelling, poor breathing, and tightness of the whole body. Then the extensor and flexors are extremely contracted at the same time, excessive to hearing, vision, taste, sensation, etc. **, and then a typical earth shock occurs. The symptoms, and finally the respiratory muscle was suffocated to death. The detoxification method is to use central inhibitors to stop convulsions, such as amion sodium, elpabital sodium or valvementation. Then wash the stomach, and then fry it with an appropriate amount of water with licorice, mung beans, windproof, Mingteng, Qingdai, and ginger, and take 4 doses in a row.
Natural arsenic
Chemical composition As2O3, equiaxed crystal system hexahetoid crystal. The single crystal is octahed, and there are also diamond-shaped dodecahedes. The aggregate is star-shaped, shell-like, hairy, earthy, and staltic. White is sometimes blue, yellow and red, and there are also colorless, and the stripes are white or light yellow. From glass to diamond luster, there is also grease and silk luster. Mornell hardness 1.5, specific gravity 3.73-3.90, complete lysis, broken shell-like, brittle, soluble in water, highly toxic.
arsenic
is a processed product that naturally produces ores such as arsenic-containing mineral arsenic, poisonous sand or rhubarb. Also known as Xinshi. It is mainly produced in Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Qizhou and other places. Commodities include red letter stone and white letter stone, and the medicinal use is mainly red letter stone. All arsenic must be put into a sand jar, seal the mouth tightly with mud, calcify it in the fire, take it out and let it cool, or boil it with mung beans to reduce its toxicity. For grinding fine powder. The refined product of arsenic sublimation is white powder, that is, arsenic, which is more toxic.
Extraction and storage of medicinal materials: a few are selected from natural arsenic ores, and most of them are processed. There are many processing methods. The old method and the new method are as follows: 1. The old method smashes the poisonous sand into small pieces, removes miscellaneous stones, and then burns it with coal, charcoal or wood, and then sublimates it into a creed stone. This method is simple, but harmful to health. 2 The new method selects pure male yellow, smashes it into a block of 10 centimeters, and ignites it, so that the male yellow burns, generates gaseous arsenic trioxide and sulfur dioxide, and then fully condenses arsenic trioxide through the condens through the condensation pipe, which is the stone. Sulfur dioxide is also discharged from the flue.
[Concocting method]: Remove impurities, smash them, put them into a sand tank, seal the mouth tightly with mud, calcinate them in the fire, take them out and cool them, and grind them into fine powder. 1 "On the burning of Lei Gong Pao": "When everything is made of arsenic, after being filled with a small porcelain bottle, it is put into the purple-backed sunflower and Shi Yourui, and the three pieces are cooked on fire, from oneself to Shen. Soak it in licorice water, from Shen to Zi, out, wipe it dry, but put it in a bottle and calcinate it in the fire. Don't use it for 30,000 yuan. 2 "Japanese Huazi Herbs": "For arsenic, vinegar is used to kill poison."
[Examination]: From "Kaibao Materia Medica" 1 "Compendium": "Sarsenic, as fierce as a dragonfly, hence the name. Only out of Xinzhou, the old man called it Xinshi, and the word was hidden as a person's word." Doctors all say that if you see fire, it will be very poisonous, and Lei's method uses fire to cook. Nowadays, most of them are flying refiners. The covers all want quick effects. They don't hesitate to poison it. If you use the raw ones, it will be better. 2 "New Talk of Internal Medicine": "Xinshi has great poison, which makes the stomach hot drama, sudden inflammation, and even ulcerated to death, to pain to bitterness. Although Xinshi is very poisonous, if you use less medicine, it will be very powerful. To make Xinshi jellyfish, use the first-class Xinshi for one cent for two cents, add two yuan for salt, one catty of rain, and boil it to twelve taels on low heat. The alkali and Xinshi are integrated, and the two are not seen. It is a Xinshi jellyfish. Each letter stone jellyfish is one or two, add twelve or two taels of water, one or two each, two or three times a day, and each or two are counted, and there is only one twelfth of the ear of letter stone in the rain. This water cures cold and fever malaria, which is a great and effective test, and can cure all kinds of skin diseases and ringworm.
[Identification of raw medicinal materials]: There are two kinds of rosin stone and rosin stone, and the medicinal use is mainly rosin stone. 1 Red letter stone is also known as: red alum, red arsenic. It is an irregular block of different sizes. White, yellow and red halo, slightly transparent or opaque, glossy glassy, silky or dull. It is brittle and easy to break. No gas. This product is extremely poisonous and cannot be tasted. It is better to have blocky, ruddy color, crystal clear lines, and no slag. 2 Bai Xinshi, also known as: white arsenic. It is an irregular block, of different sizes, colorless or white, transparent or opaque, glossy glassy, silky or dull. Crispy, easy to smash, no gas. This product is extremely poisonous and cannot be tasted. It is better to be lumpy, white, with crystal straight lines and no slag. The above medicinal materials are produced in Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guizhou and other places. Microscopic identification: This product is under the polarizer: colorless and transparent. Gao Zheng rises. The refractive index is N=1.75, with staggered texture. Under the orthogonal polarizing mirror, it shows homogeneity.
[Chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine]: The main component of arsenic is arsenic trioxide or arsenous anhydride (Arse-nousoxide, Arsenousacidanhydride, As2O3), white, octahedular crystal, trioxide The diarsenic can be sublimated with high heat, so it is easier to refined; the sublimation is commonly known as arsenic, and the ingredient is still As2O3. Red arsenic is a kind of arsenic that contains red minerals in addition to AS2O3. It mainly contains arsenic tetraoxide and As4O6. If it contains trivalent iron and sulfide, it will appear red. Natural products are analyzed to contain a small amount of tin, iron, antimony, calcium, magnesium, titanium, aluminum, silicon and other elements. The impurity composition of processed products depends on the raw material and processing process.
[Chemical identification of traditional Chinese medicine]: Take a little of this product and slowly heat it in a closed tube, and it is generated by white sublimation (As4O6) (pure product 137℃ sublimation). ( 1) Take a little of the above sublimation, add 2ml of water, add 4 drops of sodium hydroxide test solution, boil it to dissolve, and add 2 drops of silver nitrate test solution after cooling to produce yellow precipitation. ( 2) Take a little of the above sublimation, add a small amount of water to boil and dissolve, that is, to form arsenic acid, add hydrogen sulfide test solution and concentrated hydrochloric acid to form a flocculating yellow precipitation. It can also be identified by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal refractometry and infrared spectroscopy.
The lethal dose is 0. 1-0. 2 grams
Paralysis type: When a very large amount of arsenic enters the body, central nerve paralysis symptoms appear, limb pain ** occurs, meaning is vague, delirium, coma, and dies within a few hours. This type is rare. Acute type: obvious symptoms of gastroenteritis, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, stool, sometimes bloody, severe cases like cholera, death within a day or two. This type is common. - quoted from "Chinese Forensic Medicine"
Diamond has hydrophobic and oil-friendly characteristics. When people take diamond powder, diamond powder will stick to the stomach wall. In long-term friction, it will cause stomach ulcers. If it is not treated in time, it will die of gastric bleeding. It is a chronic poison that is difficult to be guarded. During the Renaissance, chronic poisons made of diamond powder were popular among Italian giants.
Oleander, according to forensic data, the lethal dose is 20-30 leaves, and the whole body is poisonous
Aconite, hairy plant, perennial herb. The height of the plant is 60-120cm, the leaves are alternate, leathery, oval, three fissures, two lobes are 2 more, the central lobes are 3 more, and the edges are missing. 5 calyx panicles, petals 2, fruit is oblong, flowering period 6-7 months, fruit 7-8 months. It is distributed in Liao, Henan, Lu, Gan, Shaanxi, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hui, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou.
The name black head generally refers to the Sichuan black head and grass black head. It generally refers to the wild black head and a variety of other plants of the same genus, such as the northern black head (blue ula flower), Taibai black head (golden cow seven), etc., which is the name of traditional Chinese medicine.
Aconanthus contains a variety of alkaloids, such as subconicanthic anthicanthic anthic anthicanthic anthic anthicanthic anthic anthic anthicanthic anthic anthicanthic anthic anthic anthicicicicicicicicicicicicicicic
The toxicity of aconitine is:
1. It can suddenly speed up the heart rate and cause heart rate disorders. The anatomy proves that the heart of people who died of aconitine poisoning contracted like mulberry.
2. It can dilate blood vessels and quickly lower blood pressure.
3. It affects the activity of the adrenal glands, especially the content of ascorbic acid.
4. Inhibition of central nervous system and respiratory center.
The poisoning is manifested by: vomiting, diarrhea, coma, numbness in the limbs, dyspnea, decreased pulse, blood pressure and body temperature, and heart rate disorders (this seems to be nonsense)
Emergency first aid generally uses large doses of atropine (totropine can relieve heart poisoning, similar to procaine, antihistamine, quinine), lidocaine, dried ginger and licorice, honeysuckle, mung beans, rhinoceros horn and other traditional Chinese medicine. Astragalus, Yuanzhi, milk, etc. also have certain effects.
In ancient times, standard military poison, smearing weapons, equipped with gunpowder, Guan Gong scraping bone to cure poison is the poison that cures the black head.
Short-handled aconite (A branch of wormwood on the snow)
Aconite is the side root of the black head (specifically referring to the Sichuan black head cultivars), also known as the seed root. Traditional Chinese medicine pays attention to the excavation between the summer solstice and the small summer heat, as if it is because of some "its spiciness and hot". At this time, the unprocessed product is called "nid aconite". After that, soaking and drying with salt brine and salt mixture is called "salt aconite". Boiled with brine and then soaked with thinner brine, and then steamed and dried with brown sugar and vegetable oil. It is called "Black Shun Pian" (black aconite). It is called "white appendixed tablet" (Ming tablet, male tablet) directly steamed and dried with sulfur without brown sugar and vegetable oil. Because of its "spicy sweetness and fever", traditional Chinese medicine is mostly used for various "cold and wind diseases" such as typhoid, stroke, rheumatism, etc., it is now often made into injections to treat heart failure.
The toxicity of aconite is the same as that of aconite, but it is relatively weak, but it is a commonly used drug, so poisoning is also more common, but there are few deaths. Generally, aconium poisoning has its own factors, such as an allergic system. As long as it is rescued in time, there will be no danger. The specific measures are the same as dealing with aconital poisoning.
In addition, Shenfu decoction is the last first aid in traditional Chinese medicine, which is used to regulate life. But that thing can't be used urgently. It takes a long time to fry, so the traditional Chinese medicine hospital can only fry such a pot all day long.
See blood to seal the throat
Also known as "poisonous arrow wood" and "scissors tree", it is an endangered plant protected by the state and one of the most poisonous plant species in the world.
The tree juice is milky white and highly poisonous. Once the juice enters the blood through the wound, it is life-threatening. The ancients often painted it on arrows to shoot beasts or enemies. Second kill.
It is native to Southeast Asia. It can be seen in the Xishuangbanna Botanical Garden in Hainan, China.
Photographed in Hainan Tropical Botanical Garden, Danzhou. It is estimated that this tree is theoretically enough to put down all the people of Hainan
Quinine, I don't need to say more about what this is. Everyone on earth knows it. In addition to effectively killing malaria parasites, it also has an important use - abortion, (I have always suspected what the arrogant and luxurious European colonial aristocrats want so much quinine for, especially the handsome guys of the Jesuits)
Quinine can destroy smooth muscle myogenin and cause rhythmic contraction of smooth muscle (some like malaria pendulum, interesting) Think about the result of rhythmic muscle contraction of smooth muscle in pregnancy? But at the same time, excessive quinine will inhibit the myocardium and cause vasodilation. It will also disrupt the secretion of sweat glands, which will lead to dehydration and stimulate the digestive tract and cause internal bleeding. Finally, it leads to cardiopulmonary and other functional failure.
The lethal dose of quinine is 8g. Because it is easy to absorb, tinnitus, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, blue lips, decreased body temperature, and respiratory paralysis can occur within 1-2 hours. Quinine can also cause degeneration of retinal cells and severe optic nerve atrophy, which means that the sequela of quinine poisoning is likely to be blindness.
At present, there is no specific medicine for quinine poisoning (as far as I know). First aid is still mostly gastric lavage and enema, because it is easy to absorb and not a high-efficiency poison. (think about such a bitter thing, no one will treat it as a poison) It is too late when symptoms appear. Similarly, acute alcoholism is almost hopeless, and there are special drugs to deal with arsenic and snake venom that are more powerful than them. It's really interesting. This is dialectics.
Finally, it is the most commonly used two-flavor traditional Chinese medicine antidote.
Licorice, a traditional Chinese medicine called the king of medicine, can solve all kinds of drug poisoning. Unfortunately, now in order to dig it, it has destroyed a large area of grassland, vegetables, licorice, and the treasure of Ningxia, but in order to dig them, it has destroyed the environment of Ningxia.
Honeysuckle, available in most parts of the country, is a good drink.