Chapter 280 The world is completely chaotic

1908.

With the end of the seven-year tax-free support and development policy in New Northeast China, Guangnan Province, Shan State, Novosibirsk, Western Siberia, Southwest Siberia, Xinjiang, Xinjiang Province and Shaanxi-Ganning, and with the gradual achievements of the domestic agricultural economic policy, the domestic financial situation became very clear at the beginning of 1908. Spicuous improvement.

While taxing began, the national GDP statistics also covered the vast majority of the country.

After such statistics, the annual domestic fiscal revenue in 1907 increased by 31% compared with 1906, reaching 2.58 billion yuan, and the total tax revenue of overseas provinces was 130 million yuan, which was about 305 million pounds.

The total national GDP in 1907 also surpassed that of the United States in the statistical statement, ranking first in the world.

Before that, after the London Conference, some European and American economists published papers confirming that China was already the world's first in terms of gross national product.

Now, the answer given by the National Bureau of Statistics also proves this.

Not only the first in the world, but also 23 percentage points higher than that of the United States... This data itself does not account for the total output value of overseas colonies.

China's political axe's fiscal revenue also ranks first in the world, about 10% higher than that of the United States.

This achievement is not very gratifying. After all, China's territory is too large, and the total population is 4.5 times that of the United States.

In 1907, China still has a lot of data that is very gratifying.

In more than 40 fields such as textile industry, agriculture, agricultural product processing, machinery, chemical industry, steel and steel and profiles, aluminum alloy profiles, electrical appliances, generator sets, electric trains, porcelain, shipbuilding, automobiles, engines, Chinese and Western drugs, coal, etc., China's total exports rank first in the world, and at the same time It is the world's largest trade surplus country.

In the overall level of the manufacturing industry, China is also on par with the major powers in Europe and the United States. Especially in the manufacture of large-caliber main guns and the production of related heavy machine tools, there is no gap between China, Britain and Germany, and they are at the same level.

In the domestic market, in 1907 alone, the total sales of domestic tractors, harvesters and other agricultural vehicles reached 440,000. The state adopted support loans to continuously increase the popularity of domestic mechanized agriculture. At the same time, it continued to increase cattle cultivation and poverty alleviation and distribution plans in the central and western regions.

With the expansion of the country's territory and the promotion of the development of immigrants to overseas regions, the industrialized population has increased, and the average land supply of agriculture has increased significantly. Especially in the strong promotion of large agricultural economic policies, the proportion of middle peasants and rich farmers in China has increased significantly.

In the electrical industry, the total installed capacity of domestic generator sets reached 52.05 million kilowatts in 1907, with firepower units accounting for 81%, and hydraulic, geothermal and other units accounting for 19%.

With the all-round development of the power industry, the production efficiency and process level of the domestic industry are also developing rapidly. Emerging household appliances such as electric heaters and electric fans have begun to appear in a large area in the market, and even refrigerators and air conditioners have appeared one after another.

The agricultural economic policy and the electrical industry have become the two biggest driving forces of China's economic development, so that petrochemicals, machinery, automobiles, electrical appliances... all walks of life have been developed to the greatest extent.

After the gross national product jumped to the first place in the world, China's economy is still developing rapidly, with an average annual growth rate of about 7% to 10%, much higher than that of the United States, Britain, Germany and other countries.

China is developing at a magical speed. The low GDP per capita also means that it has a low labor force and relatively cheap domestic resources, which also means the special advantages of industrial exports.

If there is no war, China will certainly continue to develop like this until the per capita GDP is the same as that of Britain and the United States.

War will come after all.

Therefore, Hu Chuyuan and other macroeconomic experts in China face a common problem - if the development of the national economy continues to be guaranteed during the war.

There is no doubt that low debt ratios and full treasury funds are the best choices.

Start the layout a few years in advance... Of course, this is also a very good choice.

In 1908, the domestic economy reached an unprecedented ** period, the Shanghai stock market experienced an unprecedented prosperity, and the arms race of the international powers became white-hot.

At the suggestion of Hu Chuyuan, Qu Hongji, the then Prime Minister of the Empire, made several important orders to reorganize the official stock assets held by the National Assets Committee. Most of the industrial and commercial land held by the Central Government Axe and the Local Government Axe began to be sold through public auctions.

The National Railway Company was established to manage the nationalized railway, the Ministry of Post was corporatized, and the State Post Company was established. The postal company also opened the Postal Savings Bank of China.

A more professional Agricultural Credit Bank of China was established under the name of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission to further increase agricultural credit and industrial support through the work of state-owned banks.

So far, the Postal Savings Bank of China, the Agricultural Credit Bank of China, the China Trust and Financing Company and the China International Investment Bank have become the four nationalized financial institutions held by the Central Government Administration through the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, and the shares held by the Government Bank of China, Nanyang Bank and Beiyang Bank have been sold one after another.

The Bank of China continues to assume the functions of the central bank. The United Bank of Asia is an international cooperation bank jointly owned by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of China and other Asian countries. It partly exercises the functions of the Central Bank of Asia, is responsible for supervising the central banks and banknote issuing banks of various countries, studying the situation of world economic development, and advancing global financial institutions. The annual review and scoring will monitor the status of working capital on an international scale.

Some of the assets held by the central government axe have been transferred to China Trust and financing companies, including the assets held by the government axe in Jiangnan Commercial Bank and other commercial firms, the special mineral resources held by the political axe overseas, and the foreign exchange treasury bonds held by the political axe have been absorbed in the international financial market one after another.

When war comes, nothing is more reliable than real money.

At present, the international silver price is still at a low level of 1:30. Through China Trust and China Investment, the central government axe has gradually converted a large number of German marks, rubles and francs into silver, and some foreign exchange into gold.

The German, Russian, French and other treasury bonds held by the central government axe have been exchanged in the market one after another, converted into gold and silver. At the same time, they have hoarded important strategic resources such as copper, zinc, aluminum, nickel, chromium, manganese, tungsten and oil in the international market.

In 1908, the domestic military industry began to significantly increase the capacity utilization rate, and moderately used the military industry capacity in the international market to increase the war reserves as much as possible.

In the past two decades, Hu Chuyuan has left a very large sum of money for the central government, which is now withdrawn from the market, with a total of at least 20 billion yuan.

When the war came, under the circumstances that the original other expenditures remained unchanged, the central government axe continued to increase military expenditure through this money. The army and the national guards in various provinces began to increase the number of services, and continued to deepen the principle that the army was a military academy, to prepare for a substantial expansion of troops, and at the same time, the active service departments. The quality of the team's soldiers.

74 divisions of the Army began to be fully mechanized, and the non-mechanized division was also equipped with a certain number of armored vehicles, military off-road vehicles, trucks and other auxiliary vehicles.

New weapons begin to speed up equipment.

75mm mortar, 120mm caliber grenade mortar, 55mm shoulder-mounted howitzer, 30mm wheeled howitzer and its enhanced models, 122mm self-propelled howitzer, 155mm self-propelled howitzer, medium main battle armored vehicle TZA-4, heavy main battle armored vehicle TZA -5. Infantry armored vehicle TZB-4 and its improved field communication vehicle, semi-automatic rifle Browning BM10, 11mm caliber Browning machine gun, domestic submachine gun CM1905B and lower grenade launcher model, new Jiangnan Mustang military 105 horsepower armored off-road vehicle, 16 combined 175mm caliber Rockets... began to enter the army one after another.

In order to reduce the pressure of logistics supply, the Jiangnan rifle series was discontinued in China, and the new Browning BM10 semi-automatic rifle and the Browning M1905 model and its derivative series of manual rifles were produced.

Other logistics equipment of the army and navy, including military uniforms, camouflage uniforms, military quilts, helmets, gloves, coats, cotton clothes, military boots... meticulous to socks, all of which are uniformly replaced, using the new Type 08.

At this time, the National Military Commission has transitioned to a tense state of war preparation. All kinds of details have begun to be strictly focused on big and small things. The deployment of equipment and the education curriculum of soldiers are the focus. The specific deployment of equipment is more detailed, and the overall level of equipment is also rapidly improving. Each infantry class At least one light machine gun, two submachine guns, a grenade launcher, and even a telescope must be equipped.

For the mechanized fast infantry units, each combat squad has two Mustang military off-road vehicles, each equipped with an 11mm caliber heavy machine gun.

The total size of the air force has increased to six divisions, and the size of airborne divisions has increased to three divisions, concentrated in the northwest for large-scale training, and the number of domestic air force professional military academies has increased to four. At the same time, pilot training courses have been urgently opened in other military schools.

Although the navy is unlikely to become the focus of the new war, after all, China's main allied country is the United Kingdom, but it has still entered the stage of large-scale expansion. The construction scale of 22,000 tons of Yizhou-class battleships has been significantly accelerated. Four ships were built at the same time, with a total of eight, 15,000 tons of Zongyuan-class battlecruisers. Four ships are expected to be built.

Because the war may have come earlier, the Chinese navy has not had time to complete the substantial transformation to a 330mm main gun. The Zongyuan-class battlecruiser still used a 305mm main gun, and the displacement tonnage tonnage has also been reduced to 15,000 tons, which is why the Yizhou class was forced to increase to eight.

Yizhou-class battleships with a displacement of 22,000 tons, a Dreadnought-class battleship with a displacement of 18,200 tons, a Yongzhou-class battleship with a displacement of 15,700 tons, a Zongyuan-class battlecruiser with a displacement of 15,750 tons, and a Liangzhou-class battleship and a Weiyuan-class cruiser will constitute the main of the Chinese navy in the next five years. Force ship group.

It is expected that in 1910, the total naval displacement tonnage will exceed 1 million tons, and the Marine Division will add 17 divisions.

Of course, on the other hand, Hu Chuyuan also gradually cashed out his capital in Germany.

He first sold out his shares of Opal. By opening branches in other European countries, he transferred Mercedes-Benz, BASF Chemical Group and Siemens Electric to Switzerland, Portugal and Spain one after another, and then transferred the main technical engineers to Zurich, Switzerland.

In fact, he has moved the headquarters of these companies to Zurich.

Finally, by merging the German Commercial Bank and the Swiss Bank of Winterthur, he cleverly transferred a large number of assets to pounds and gold, deposited them into the German branch of the Swiss Winterthur Bank in Frankfurt, and slowly withdrawing out of Germany.

In terms of the investment choices of individuals and Fukang Company, he also chooses to invest in silver.

Once a world-wide war breaks out, all major countries will issue more currencies, objectively causing currency depreciation. Gold and silver will become the most popular investment channels and the main channels for capital escape from various countries.

Considering that the price of silver is too low and the output is tightly controlled, investing in silver is the best choice now.

The so-called butterfly effect is like this.

China's large-scale expansion of armaments to prevent possible wars is the most powerful stimulus for Russia. Russia is also forced to prepare for war with China, radically expanding the army and adding new equipment. Even the navy, Russia has plans to restart new warships.

Russia affects Britain, Britain affects Germany, Germany affects France, France affects Spain and Portugal, Spain and Portugal affects Italy, Italy affects Austria-Hungary, Austria-Hungary affects the Ottoman Empire, the Ottoman Empire affects Russia, and Russia continues to affect China.

The world is completely chaotic.

Unlike the expected naval competition, this time, even the army is in a large-scale competition. The problem is that armored vehicles are a brand-new system, and it is very difficult to catch up.

At this stage, the best way is plagiarism. Britain, Germany and France plagiarize China, Russia and Austria plagiarize Germany, and Spain and Portugal plagiarize France. The more plagiarism, the worse it is.

On the whole, it still depends on the industrial development level of each country. China and Germany should be the strongest in the armored vehicle system, and the rest of the countries are embarrassed. Britain and France have always been insufficient in engine power. Russia and Azeso import engines from Germany.

The Ottoman Empire imported a complete set of mechanized equipment directly from China.

There are still many problems.

Germany, France and Britain only have the prototype of TZB-2, and no other models. In the whole system of mechanized combat trucks, oil trucks, off-road vehicles, communication vehicles, maintenance vehicles, trailers and other systems, all countries can only continue to explore and study on the basis of the military intelligence obtained from China.

In contrast, China, which has experience in using mechanized combat on a large scale, has full and meticulous consideration in the design and production of the new generation of armored vehicles.

The key is the engine.

After more than ten years of research, on the basis of the Diesel diesel engine, a new type of diesel military engine has been developed in China and a new turboshaft increase technology has been used.

The update of greater horsepower, new crawler, power transmission system, axle transmission control system, and cold-pressed new armor has finally made the main battle heavy artillery armored vehicle have practical use and is no longer as clumsy as in the past.

The heavy main battle armored vehicle TZA-5 will definitely be an epoch-making work.

The war is approaching step by step. It may not be next year or the year after next, but it will definitely come.

It does not depend on an emergency, but objectively, Germany needs more colonies. Russia wants to recover its territory, and Germany, Russia and Austria-Hungary all want to regain control of the Ottoman Empire and penetrate its power into Asia.

July 1909.

Rio Tinto, which has fully won the privilege of oil and natural gas resources in Iraq and Kuwait, began to produce oil in Kuwait. Six large oil wells were put into operation at a time in that month, with an annual oil output of 700,000 tons. Since then, several oil wells have been put into operation before the end of the year, and the production capacity is expected to reach 1.1 million tons.

Before this, Hyundai Heavy Industries had produced 50,000 tons of special oil tankers, and Shanghai, Ningbo, Tianjin, Qingdao, Fuzhou and Guangzhou have set up 50,000 tons of port terminals waiting for oil from the Middle East.

Due to the development of the large agricultural economy and chemical industry, China has become the world's largest oil consumer, requiring 3.5 million tons of oil every year, half of which need to be imported into the United States and Southeast Asia.

World oil prices fell sharply by 22 percentage points, which is a huge blow for Russia, which mainly relies on oil and iron ore exports.

Hu Chuyuan's goal is exactly the same.

In November 1909, Shell Oil Company, a subsidiary of the Scient Corporation, was also put into operation in several large oil wells in Egypt and Libya, further lowering world oil prices.

(to be continued)