Sanqing Classics

Sanqing, that is, Yuqing, Shangqing and Taiqing, is the highest in the heavenly world of Taoism; it is also the collective name of Taoism for Yuanshi Tianzun, Lingbao Tianzun and Moral Tianzun.

Sanqing, Taoist language. The general title is "No Nature Daluo Sanqing Sanjing Sanbao Tianzun", which is located in Jingyang Palace, three treasures under the Jade. It refers to the three Qing realms of Yuqing, Shangqing and Taiqing respected by Taoism. It also refers to the three gods living in the fairyland of Sanqing, namely, Yuqing Yuanshi Tianzun, Shangqing Lingbao Tianzun, and Taiqing Moral Tianzun. Among them, the so-called Yuqingjing, Shangqingjing and Taiqingjing are the differences between the fairyland where they live. Qingweitian, Yuyutian and Dachitian are the divisions of the unified heaven, and Tianzun means that the supreme of the extreme, so it is called Tianzun.

Yuanshi Tianzun,

is one of the highest gods of Taoism, the god of Sanqing. Taoism is the god of heaven and earth. It is the title of the ancient Pangu family, known as the first heavenly master of the Yuqing Yuan Dynasty, also known as the primitive king of heaven. He is the most respected among the "Three Qing Dynasties" and the first god among Taoist immortals. The Immortals of all dynasties called him "the ancestor of the heavenly world". Although his status is high, he appeared later than Taishang Laojun. There was no saying of "Yuanshi Tianzun" in the early stage of the formation of Taoism, and there is no record of the Taiping Sutra and "Sxiang Er Zhu". In Chinese myths and legends, there is no origin. According to the Taoist book, the name "Yuanshi" first appeared in Jin Gehong's Pillow Book: before the chaos opened, there was the essence of heaven and earth, known as the "Yuanshi Heavenly King" and swam in it. After the second ceremony, the Yuanshi Heavenly King lived in the center of the sky, sucking the weather and drinking the earthly spring. After several disasters, he ventilated with the jade girl of Taiyuan and gave birth to the emperor's western queen, the emperor's birthplace emperor, the earth emperor gave birth to the emperor, and then Shennong were all Miao descendants.

Lingbao Tianzun

Originally known as Shangqing Gaosheng Taishang Yuchen Yuanhuang Avenue King. The True Spirit Position Karma compiled by Qiliang Gaodao Tao Hongjing lists it in the second divine level, second only to the first god level. In the Tang Dynasty, it was once called Taishang Daojun, and since the Song Dynasty, it was called Lingbao Tianzun or Lingbaojun. The Taoist scripture says that he was born from the vitality generated by the chaotic state before the universe formed. Originally, it was "the spirit of the morning, the purple smoke of Jiuqing". Later, the fetus was born for 3700 years. Living in the Yujing Fairy Mansion in Xuandu, Shangqing, there were 300,000 guards of gold children and jade girls. Thousands of gods worshipped, and countless people were surpassed. Thirty-six changes and seventy-two, and people can see him anytime and anywhere. In the Sanqing Hall in the Taoist Palace, Lingbao Tianzun often holds the statue of Ruyi in his hand on the left side of Yuanshi Tianzun, holding a Taiji map or jade Ruyi. In the large-scale fasting ceremony of Taoism, there are also many three Qing gods, with Lingbao Tianzun in the left position of Yuanshi Tianzun. The birthday of the god of Lingbao Tianzun is the summer solstice, about in May of the lunar calendar. People often worship Lingbao Tianzun as the main god on the summer solstice.

Morality Heaven

That is, Taishang Laojun, ranked second in the "Three Qing Zun Gods" and was the supreme god worshipped in the early days of Taoism. Laozi, a thinker and founder of the Taoist school in the Spring and Autumn Period. At the time of Emperor Ming and Emperor Zhang of the Eastern Han Dynasty (58-88), Wang Fu, the governor of Yizhou, wrote the Monument of Our Lady of Laozi: "The old man, Taoism. Born before the invisible, starting before the beginning of Taisu, he walked in the element of Taisu, floating six virtual, entering and leaving the underworld, watching the mixture, and peeping at the turbidity. Turn Laozi into a god of heaven and earth, and it is equivalent to "Tao". At the time of Emperor Shun (126-144), Zhang Ling founded the Wudou Rice Road in Heming Mountain, Bashu, that is, he took Laozi as the master. It is said that Zhang Ling's "Lao Zi's Notes" during his missionary sermons said: "One is the way. ... outside the world, entering the world, but in the ears of people. ...A scattered shape is Qi, and the agglomeration is a Taishang Laojun. He often governs Kunlun, or words are nothing, or words are natural, or words are nameless, all in the same ear. For the first time, the name of Taishang Laojun appeared in Taoist books. In the Wei, Jin and Northern and Southern Dynasties, the name of the Taishang Laojun was obvious. In May of the third year of Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, "the two sects of Buddhism and Taoism were cut off, and the scriptures were destroyed, Shamen and Taoist priests were dismissed, and ordered to return to the people." According to the Taoist book, at that time, the emperor sent an envoy to manifest himself. After a month, Emperor Wu immediately edicted: "To the depth of the road, it is endless, the body is empty, and the reason is extremely mysterious. ...Now you can set up a channel to view the capital... and it is appropriate to explain it consistently." It shows that he had begun to use Taishang Laojun to intervene in the government at that time. In the Tang Dynasty, the power of the Taishang Laojun was even more powerful. He was not only regarded as the ancestor of the Li Tang Dynasty and helped Li Yuan, the ancestor of the Tang Dynasty, pacify the world. It is said that after Wu Zetian usurped the Li Tang Dynasty, he also appeared to the world, saying that "the Queen of Wu is not revolutionary" and "cannot have different surnames. ... Queen Wu was also afraid of this word and did not dare to think twice." Therefore, during the Tianbao period, Emperor Xuanzong finally gave him the title of "Great Holy Ancestor" as Emperor Xuanyuan. In August of the sixth year of Song Dazhong Xiangfu (1013), he added the title of "Taishang Laojun Hunyuan Shangde Emperor".

Sanqing is the symbol of the "Three One" theory of Taoist philosophy. Chapter 42 of the Tao Te Ching says: "Tao gives birth to one, two in life, two gives birth to three, three gives birth to all things, all things bear the yin and embrace the sun, and think of harmony." From the nameless avenue to create chaotic vitality, from the vitality to the unity of yin and yang, the harmony of yin and yang, and to all things in the world. Chapter 14 also said: "If you don't see it, it's called Yi. If you don't hear it, it's not known as Xi, and it can't be called Wei. These three cannot be revilified, so they are mixed into one," believing that one becomes three, three into one, and "the use is divided into three, and this is often one." Later, Taoism derived the three gods who lived in the victory of Sanqing. Therefore, the "Sanqing" god is the most respected in the Taoist immortal system. The seventh volume of the Taoist doctrine center quoted "Taizhenke" and said: "Daluo gave birth to the three qi and turned into the three clear sky: one is the clear sky, the jade and the first qi is formed by the first qi; on the second day, the Yuyu sky is formed by the clear environment; the third is the Taiqing realm of the great red sky, which is formed by Xuanqi. From then on, the three qi were born," according to Taoist books such as Yunji and Taoist Huiyuan, the Qingwei Tianyu Qingjing, the mixed cave was too unyuan, its spirit began to be green, the true Taoism ascended to the holy realm, and the Tianbao Zun (Yuanshi Tianzun) ruled it; Yuyu Tian was in the Qing realm, its Qi Yuanhuang, the immortals rose to the true realm, and the spiritual treasure respected it ruled it; the great red sky was Taiqing, and its Qi Bai; Humanity ascends to the fairyland, and the Taoist heaven lives in it. The article said: "These four kinds of people's heavens, that is, above the three worlds, there are three clear realms in the four kinds of people's sky. Above the Three Qing Dynasty is Daluotian, and Yuanshi Tianzun lived among them and gave teaching. Tianbao Junzhi is in the Yuqing realm, and the sky is clear. Lingbao Junzhi is in the realm of Shangqing, that is, Yu Yutian, and Shenbao Zun (moral Tianzun) governs in Taiqing, that is, the great red sky. The third volume of "The Beginning of Taoism" and according to the "Collection and Interpretation" quoted "Reading Chronicle": "The three Qing people live in the holy land of the Yuqing Dynasty, and the Yuan Dynasty began to live there; in the holy land of the Qing Dynasty, the Taoist king lived in it; the fairyland of the Taiqing Dynasty, the old king lived there." At the same time, the three Qing gods of Taoism also reflect the deification of the "Three Caves True Sutra" of Taoism. The sixth volume of "Three Caves" said: "The Theory of Taoist Gate" is the one who has three holes in the cloud, and the cave is also a cave. It is mysterious and wonderful, and there are three in all, so there are 'three holes'. The first hole is true, the second hole is Xuan, and the third hole is God. It is the mysterious decree of the three scenes and the spiritual chapter of the eight meetings. According to the record of the Qingwei Taoist Hub in Volume 1 of Daofa Huiyuan, Qingwei Daofa Hub; Qingwei Shengzu Yuqing Yuan Shimiao Taoism God represented the Dongzhen Sutra Department, Taixuan Fuzhi, and preached Qingwei School; Qingwei Xuanzu went to Qingling Fuyu Hire Da Daojun, representing the Dongxuan Jing Department, Taiping Fuzhi, and passed on Lingbao School; Qingwei's first ancestor Taiqing Moral Five Spirits Xuan Laojun represents the nerve department of the cave, assisted by Taixuan, and the way of alliance power runs through three holes, passing on the moral school and the decent school.